Jan. 29, 2026
Protests Against Nixon In Latin America
The 1950s were a time of turmoil all over Latin America, mostly because of the US. Let’s remember that during the 50's the US intervened all over Latin America; thus, it was no surprise when there were mass protests against Nixon when Eisenhower sent him on a goodwill tour of Latin America.
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Sources for this episode:
https://delanceyplace.com/view-archives.php?p=2098https://convention2.allacademic.com/one/theasa/theasa20/online_program_direct_link/view_paper/1647627/
https://youtu.be/EHR1dBTJrRA?si=Y-QNXfQEd6lsC2UK
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_on_Richard_Nixon%27s_motorcade#cite_note-pathe-2
https://www.historynewsnetwork.org/article/just-why-did-nixon-go-to-venezuela-in-1958-anyway
https://www.politico.com/story/2014/05/vice-president-nixons-motorcade-attacked-in-venezuela-may-13-1958-106584
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/may-13/vice-president-nixon-is-attacked
https://www.nytimes.com/1958/05/09/archives/nixon-is-stoned-by-peru-rioters-headed-by-reds-braves-student.html
https://www.thefreelibrary.com/%22They+aren%27t+friendly%2C+Mr.+Vice+President%22%3A+the+Eisenhower...-a0315921747
https://www.berkshireeagle.com/nixon-riot-venezuela-1958/image_f781d32c-d211-11ec-a498-5310731e4f98.html
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WEBVTT
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Hi everyone.
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This is Carmen and Christina and this is the study
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as Unknown, a podcaster where we talk about Latin American history.
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Sometimes it's horrible and deals with tybe topics like racism, corruption,
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and genocide. But more than that, it's also about community
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power and resistance and today what are we doing today?
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Today?
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We're talking about we were talking about Nixon, unfortunately, but
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some things happened to him that will bring you joy.
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And we need joy in times? Do we ever? Do
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we ever? Yeah? Okay, let's get into it. Okay.
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So the nineteen fifties were a rough, rough all over
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in Latin America, mostly because of the United States, of course,
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always of course, yeah, yeah. Let's remember that during the fifties,
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the US intervened all over Latin America, supporting dictatorships in
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the name of any but communism, right right, right, brutal
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right wing dictatorships were better than anything communist, yeah yeah, yeah, governments.
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Yeah.
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And so obviously Latin Americans were discontent with the United
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States because, like you just said, the United States was
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supporting dictatorial regimes all over Latin America. For example, a
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topic we did an episode on in nineteen fifty four,
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the democratically elected Guatemalan president Krkovo Advents was overthrown in
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a US supported coupe.
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That's just one example, one example of many.
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Yeah, And so for some reason the United States thought
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it was well, not first meetson but because of foreign policy,
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the US thought it was a good idea to send
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then the vice president Nixon to tour mostly South America.
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The US sent then Vice President Nixon to tour Latin America,
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like a good will type of tour, and the US
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was feeling partly optimistic because Peron in Argentina had just
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been deposed, and Arduro Fromdinci, who the US thought would
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be operative of them or with them, had just been elected.
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And in Colombia Alberto Jerras Camargo had just been elected.
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And this was someone Nixon had described as quote an
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enlightened and dedicated statesman. I'm not sure why I didn't
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look further into that, but it's concerning for nexting to
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say that's bad coming from Nixon.
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YEA.
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So Nixon and his wife pat left for Latin America
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and in late April slash early May of nineteen fifty eight,
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and at first things were uneventful. Nixon and his people
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were gretated and mostly warmly. In Uruay were only about
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forty students protested. Oh yeah, that's a little bit. In Argentina,
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he went to a barbecue and attended Frondin C's inauguration,
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and it seems like there were no issues in Pataguay
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or Bolivia. It wasn't until nixt In and his crew
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got to Peru on May seventh, nineteen fifty eight, where
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they faced discontent of the rock throwing kind. Oh rockings,
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not stonings, not rockings. The crowd at the San Marcos University,
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which numbered in the thousands, and Peru threw rocks at
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him and prevented him from entering the university altogether, chanting
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Nixon go home. And I guess he was scheduled to
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do a debate there for some reason. Yeah, and they
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didn't let her at the original Charlie Kirk if you will,
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except he was actually no, yeah, he was vice president, yeah,
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not just some podcaster.
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Yeah.
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And he got into an argument that I didn't write
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down here but because I forgot to write about it,
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but I'm pretty sure was here. Yeah, he got into
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an argument with one of the students and he's like.
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Just let me tell you the truth.
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Oh my god, yeah, the truth. And it's like, yeah,
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they know the truth. That's what they're protesting you. Why
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do you think they're there? So Nixon waited into the
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crowd with only two staff members by his side, and
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he was he was hit by the rock.
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In the neck.
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It degrased him. I grased him and didn't fully look,
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you know, dangerous, dangerous. Rockings can be dangerous. They can
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and uh one of his staff members got hit by
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a rock too.
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Oh no, yeah.
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Once he got back to the hotel, a protester nay
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a hero mm hmmm, he got too secured in he
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he he spent on Nixon's face. Is the No, there's
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not no. Oh my god. You know how happy that
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would make you if that was today, there would be footage.
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Oh yeah, yeah, hands down.
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So that was in Peru. And then after Nixon's Sumulch's
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visit to Peru, Eisenhower sent a cable cabled. I'm not
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sure about the terminology of sending cables, but he sent
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a message to Nixon. Oh okay, yeah, dear Dick, your courage, patience,
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and calmness in the demonstration directed against you by radical
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agitators have brought you new respect and admiration in our country.
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I'm certain that the vast majority of citizens, both in
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Peru and in the US deplored the incident caused by
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a few mind Joe thousands. Back to the quote, I
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know with satisfaction that the Peruvian government has already expressed
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to you to regret. Indeed, I feel that every participant
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in the mob will finally come to feel a sense
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of guilt and embarrassment because of its failure to show
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a friendly visitor the ordinary measure of courtesy and hospitality.
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Give them all to pat and warm regards to you
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quote dumb hospitality, shut the fuck up.
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And then once again there.
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Were no issues in Ecuador and Colombia, but things change
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in Venezuela, where Venezuela, of course had to be Venezuela. Yeah,
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I'm not surprised there, and this is sorry what years
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and I think afty eight, I don't know what's going
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on in Venezuela during this time.
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Well I know, let me.
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Tell you, oh what went to blow in the blanks
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a little bit? I do mention a little bit later,
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of course, that its olons were mad because of what
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was going on with their brethren all over Latin America,
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but also because the US supported the dictator who had
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just been ousted. Yes, yes, and there's a lot of
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yeah getting yeah warfare going on in this time in
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Venezuela and yeah interesting. On May thirteenth, nineteen fifty eight,
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Nixon and his crew arrived in Caracas, Venezuela to continue
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the good will tour, and things did not get better there,
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to the point where Nixon had to got his trip short.
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Besides US and justices in Latin America as a whole,
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one of the reasons Venezuelans were unhappy with the US
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was because the US had supported the former dictator Marcos
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Pedez Jimenez, who was overthrown only a few months before
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Nixon's visit. In fact, Eisenhower had even given Petes Jimenez
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a medal for meritorious services. Of course, so Nixon was
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met by a mob pretty much immediately as soon as
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he got off the plane, who quote purposely disrupted the
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welcoming ceremony by shouting, blowing whistles, waving derogatory placards, throwing stones,
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and showering the Nixons human spittle and chewing tobacco and
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quote human spittle. Yeah, all time award, respectful and like
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I mean, I don't think it needs to be said,
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but the Pedes Humanez regime was a brutal one, very repressive.
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Thousands were jailed, many were killed. So and I believe
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he does return at some point. I'm sure. Yeah.
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They The crowd also threw bottles, eggs, oranges and shouted
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things like Yankee, go home, You're not welcomed, American dogs, imperilists, beautiful,
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some signs Red Nixon, your government is responsible for the
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Guatemalan tragedy.
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And they were right.
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Mm hm. And as the Nixons drove through Karakas, their
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motor kid was forced to a crawl, and soon after
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a crowd of several hundred descended on their car, throwing
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rocks and banging on the windows. Some were injured. Nixon
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Secretary Rosemary Woods was hit by glass. Vernon Walters, a
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US Army officer translating serving as a translator, ended up
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with a mouthful of glass.
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Oh.
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Bruce Henderson, a reporter from the US who was there
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during this wrote quote, I was an American and here
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before my eyes, the Vice President of the United States
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was on the verge of very possibly being beaten to
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death end quote. And the crowd started to rock the
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car back and forth. Imagine that's where Nixon would have
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met his end.
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Things might have been different for Vietnam. I don't know.
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I don't know. I imagine.
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So the crowd started to rock the car back and forth,
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and Secret Service agents felt that Nixon's life was in danger,
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so they drew their guns at the crowd, and in
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a moment that some apparentheses me in a moment that
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some feel like it gives too much credit to Nixon,
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he told the Secret Service agent to hold the fire
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and ultimately no childs were fired, which whatever. No one died,
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So that's good. That's good. It's a good things good.
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Imagine how bad that will look out for the US.
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I mean, that's probably why he did it. Imagine the optics. Yeah,
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US goes to foreign country and then guns down Yeah, proadtesters.
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In his memoir, Nixon said he thought that they might
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be killed during this incident and described it as one
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of the scariest experiences of his life. And there are
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different accounts as to how Nixon's motorcate got through the crowd.
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Some say a press truck was able to block oncoming
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oncoming traffic in the opposite lane, and so they were
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able to turn around and escape. And then there's like
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different variations of this. Okay, okay. Per the Secret Service,
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the Venezuelan police had declined to intervene and to clear
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the crowd, and the Venezuelan Foreign minister, who was actually
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in the car with them with Nixon, Oskara Gatia later
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said that the police declined into a intervene because the
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Communists had helped to overthrow but as humans, so they're like, oh,
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we don't want to mess with them. They helped us,
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I see. Yeah, they were working together. Yeah, it was
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a big coalition of all these different groups, including like
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the military what you would consider like a centrist so yeah,
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and yeah, the United States was quick to blame the
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Communists for these protests throughout South America, but in reality,
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sure the Communists were involved because they're always organizing.
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But this was.
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Bigger than the Communists, because everybody was mad with reasons.
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Yeah.
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Yeah, And the US also mobilized the military when they
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learned about the protests and attacks against Nixon in Venezuela,
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and they almost emade it in an operation called Operation
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Poor Richard's. What a stupid name. Why are they always
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coming up with the dumbest names? Oh my god, I'm
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like so.
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Mad just hearing the name. I phone it right, I'm like, no,
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are you shitting me?
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Right now? So a fleet of twelve ships were being
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ready to enter Venezuela. The US says to cooperate with
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the Venezuelan government. Others say Eisenhower was preparing to invade
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the country, and that sounds about right.
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Of course.
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When these protests were reported on in the United States,
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I pinted Nixon as a victim. In the May nineteenth,
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nineteen fifty eight issue of Life magazine, Nixon was depicted
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angrily pointing his finger in the face of a student protester.
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And this is during the debates that were supposed to
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happen that I was telling you about, Yes, And they
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described the image as quote a righteously angry man armed
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with nothing but a pistol pointed finger, standing up to
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a mob of bullies and quote go to to wrath
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by denial of the right to free speech end quote.
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Oh my god, Nixon is not the little guy here exactly.
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You're gonna paint the vice president of when the probably
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at this time the most powerful country in the world
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and the quote police of the world, as a victim
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of bullies from a country that had been brutalized by
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the United States, and you're gonna paint them as a bullies.
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This is just ridiculous. And of course this was bigger
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than Nixon, right. They were not protesting Nixon himself. They
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were protesting the United States. But he was a representative
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of the United States. Yes, but also there was reason
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to protest next to himself, not really not at this
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point yet because he was the vice president, yet I'm
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thinking of it.
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So yeah.
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But what I'm saying is painting it as that they
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were protesting Nixon himself takes away the fault of the
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United States.
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And isn't that what they're causing turmoil?
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Yes, And that's the same The same way they're painting
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it as a free free speech issue is to gloss
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over the atrocities the United States and what they had
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done so far in Latin America during this time. That's
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why people were mad. They weren't denying Nicks in his
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free speech. They were saying, fuck the United States. You
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have terrorized US. Yeah. So yeah, that's just what I
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wanted to say, like it was bigger than Nixon. Yeah,
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But of course that's not how the US media painted it.
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And I found a cool article, like a research academic
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paper about the Life magazine article, and they wrote about
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