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Hi everyone. This is Carmen and Christina and this is
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It Unknown, a podcast where we talk about Latin American history.
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Sometimes it's horrible and tso tibi topics like this is
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some corruption and genocide, but more than that, it's also
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about resistance, power and community. And today Carmen is mostly
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just infuriating, just like it has been speaking of the
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has been. You did your five part series on the
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history of Border Patrol, and I or we both, I guess,
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wanted to focus on some newer events that are very
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much related to that history of Bord Patrol that you
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just covered so diligently, because all violent immigration enforcement is
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tied together. So on today's episode, this is a brief
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history of I and also Operation Loan Star in Texas.
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So if you look at the current ICE page, like
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the official government website page, it says that the roots
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of ICE can be dated back to seventeen eighty nine. What, yeah,
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that's what it says. I mean, I guess if you
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tie it to border patrol at this point, just say
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it's border patrol also, like I don't know, well, that's
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what I'm saying, Like there's is a really a difference
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between these yeah, you said the same thing. But I
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mean again, that's a bit of a stretch because ICE
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is very new as an agency. It's a baby, which
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you did say in the last episode. It was ICE.
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The agency we know today, or Immigration, Customs and Enforcement,
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was created after nine to eleven. In March of two
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thousand and three, the Homeland Security Act of two thousand
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and two transferred the function of i INS and US
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Customs Service to three new organizations, the United States Citizenship
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and Immigration Services ICE and US Customs and Border Protection.
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And ICE is the largest investigative arm of the Department
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of Homeland Security. ICE and Border Patrol are separate agencies,
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both doing similar jobs, both basically la mega in general,
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like we have been saying, yeah, but to be extremely accurate,
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there are some differences. Border Patrol is supposed to work
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at the border, but may assist within one hundred miles
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of a border, and that's a lot, right, It could
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be anywhere, it could be anywhere. And ICE, on the
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other hand, they're the ones leading the aggressive raids. Border
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Patrol allegedly that are not doing these aggressive raids, that
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is ICE. And as of July and twenty twenty five,
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ICE agents have a daily arrest quota of three thousand,
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not border patrol, so like technically it's supposed to be
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border patrol at the border only and also one hundred
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miles outside of the border and then within operations that
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have to do with immigration within the United States is ICE,
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and like all these raids and stuff, and so two
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years after they were created, ICE began Operation Community Shield.
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Have you heard of this? I don't think I have. Actually,
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this is an initiative to target violent trans national street
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gangs through ICE's broad law enforcement powers. And these are
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things like the authority to remove criminal immigrants, which at
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this point began to include undocumented immigrants and legal permanent
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residents because even when they began this operation, there were
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instances of them detaining legal permanent residence which they weren't
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supposed to be detaining of course, of course. Yeah, and
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under this operation, so twenty nine to twenty sixteen, during
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the the Obama Biden administration, two point four million undocumented
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immigrants were deported. And so this is why people started
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calling Obama what the deporter in chief? That is correct,
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also because he campaigned on immigrant rights and supposedly creating
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legal pathways for migration and then once he was in
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he was president, he did not do that. Instead, he
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appealed to the right, as most Democrats do because most
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of them are centrists, not in any way left leaning
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at all. If anyone wants to learn more actually about
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I was gonna wait till the ends to say this,
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but the book Everyone Who Has Gone Is Here talks
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about the Central American immigration crisis basically, but it goes
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so in depth and covers so many topics within immigration
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relating to Central America. And something they talk about in
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that book is Obama and one of his campaign people
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that ended up becoming someone in his cabinet head of
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some kind of like immigration department. I don't know if
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the permanence right were, but like under Obama, and she
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faced a lot of criticism because she was an immigrant
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rights activist, and then she basically became the mouthpiece for
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Obama anytime there was some kind of like you know,
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anti immigrant policy, like she had to come out and
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be like, hey, like this is the policy, and people
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are like, what the hell's wrong with you? You're between
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your community and she's like, I'm and she was trying
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to be like I'm working within That never works working
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with this sick tried to fight for immigrants. But yeah,
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I talked about Obama's like what he said when when
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he was running and campaigning and he was actually more
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pro immigrant as a was he a senator? I forgot
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what exactly if you were the senator or what then
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when he became president because it was like a big
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thing in his I don't know, like administration, like basically
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questioning whether they should actually be promegrant because they didn't
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want to piss off their publicans. Basically right right and
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again appealing to the right. It's like they use and
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abuse the voting block that cares about immigration. Right, they
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lie to them, They lie and say where are for this?
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And then they turn around do the opposite. And it's
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like people wanted to blame the people for the Palestinian cause,
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they wanted to blame them for the loss of Kamala Harris.
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But it's these fallose promises and say it's the appealing
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to the right that yes, yes, gets them because it
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doesn't win any left lean people, and it doesn't certainly
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doesn't win anyone on the right. Appealing to the right,
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you know what I mean, It doesn't. Yeah, So it's
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just it's a losing battle. It is they keep doing so,
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they keep doing it. They they have never stumped. Yeah,
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so yeah, people started calling him the deporter in chief.
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And those two point four million deported during the Obama
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Biden administration, forty percent were found to have no criminal
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charges at all. Of course, because I don't know if
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you remember, but this was his thing. He was key.
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They kept saying, oh, criminals only, criminals only. Yeah, much
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like today, Yes, and again of those two point four
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million no criminal charges whatsoever. Started keep saying like the
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same thing. But it just goes to show like this
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is happening now too, like yeah, it's it's excessive, it's
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worse now, but this has been going on. And also
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the book Everyone Who Has Gone Is Here makes it
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a point to be like everything that Trump did, Obama
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set the path for. Like I have that literally written
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in my notes that when asked you, it's so annoying
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when in the comment of anything, they're like Obama like
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trying to defend Trump, and I'm like, okay, nobody agrees
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with Obama, Like we're not saying like yeah and having
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rifle critique. People were calling him deporter in chief back
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then people were calling him out back then. But people
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have like a rosy eyed I forgot rose colored glasses,
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visuals y, Yeah, that's not it of what. Yeah, the
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President Obama presidency was like rose colored glasses. Yeah yeah,
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and that's bombing civilians right in the Middle East aside.
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Mm hmm. So outside of that forty percent, the majority
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of those two point four million that were deported under Obama,
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the majority had very very minor charges. I'm talking like
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marijuana possession and traffic violations. Yeah. These are not hard
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in criminals, right, these are just people. They're all just people,
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of course. And there was another source that I found
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that actually said that it wasn't forty percent that had
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no criminal directors. It was fifty six percent. And that
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came from a report from the Department of Homeland Security.
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Oh wow, that fifty six percent of those two perform
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million had no criminal record. Wow. And I just I
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want to emphasize that number because yes, while we and
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you just already said it, but it's in my notes.
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We are seeing horrible images right now of ice grabbing
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people off the stueets, but this behavior is not new.
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In fact, Obama ice strain. Obama began doing these nights.
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You talked about them, the nighttime raids. Yeah, they went before,
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they began before Obama. But like nighttime raids and workplace
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raids were huge during this time. They ramped them up.
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But well, I'm gonna get into it. That's why I'm
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getting ahead of myself. Right. So, during Trump one point zero,
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when Trump was beginning to talk about ramping up deportations,
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the New York Times publishing article where they said, quote,
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gone are the Obama era rules that required them to
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focus only on serious criminals, which they actually never did, Okay,
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And another opinion piece where they wrote, quote ice and
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the border patrol under mister Obama were ordered to focus
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on arresting serious criminals and national security risks end quote again,
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fifty six percent of those two point four million had
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no criminal records. Right, So people were saying this and
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Trump one point zero, people are repeating this and Trump
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two point zero. But the reality is that migrants in
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the US have always been criminalized. In the whole five
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part series, you basically discuss how it became criminalized, how
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the word immigrant became synonymous with criminal and it's not
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a crime again, which we said again and again during
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our series. But when you criminalize an entire group, it
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becomes okay to do this to them until it's started
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tating people in the face. Yeah. In a November twenty
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fourteen speech, Obama stated, quote, We're going to keep focusing
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enforcement resources on actual threats to our security. Felons not families, Criminals,
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not children, gang members, not a mom who's working hard
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to provide for her kids. Will prioritize just like law
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enforcement does every day. End quote. And yes, that sounds sophisticated,
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in fancy and elegance. It's a great slogan. Oh yeah,
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it's a fancy, fun slogan. Felons not families. And they
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kept repeating that, But that's not what happened. Right in
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twenty sixteen alone, his last year in office, four hundred
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and fifty thousand were deported, and of that four hundred
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and fifty thousand, less than eight percent were found to
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be serious criminals and or gang members. Wow. So if
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gang members were the target, not moms working hard to
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provide for their family, gang members were not who was
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being deported. If that was the target, they missed it.
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They missed it big. But it is because it didn't
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matter exactly. Yeah. Plus like immigrants have been seen as scapegoats, trash,
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disposable server class, you know. So yeah, since migration, mass
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migration began right right. The term or the little slogan catchphrase,
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if you will quote felons not families, It was repeated
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throughout twenty fourteen as if to emphasize that the people
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being targeted for deportations where again felons not families. Then
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I repeat, that's not what happened. And the policies that
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we are seeing today are a continuation and acceleration of
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Obama's deportation policies. Yeah, if the type of deportations that
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Obama okayed in the first place and gave, if he
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had not given ICE more funding during his years, it
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would have been more difficult for them to be doing
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what they're doing today because they would have had to
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start from zero. Also mentioned in the book, everyone Knows
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Gone is here, But no, there these are things people
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know that people most people that have been in these spaces. No. Yeah,
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the reality is that hundreds were deported every single week
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during Obama, But these arrests were so normalized and made
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routine that the media was not paying attention to them.
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And they weren't reported like they're being reported today. And yes,
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I know that it is true that the detainments are
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more visible and more violent right now. I'm not denying
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that that is happening. But to say that, to say
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something like why can't we just have Obama back, that's
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like saying, oh, deportations are okay as long as I'm
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not seeing them. As long as they're not in my
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backyard and not in my line of sight, I don't care. Yeah. So,
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in short, ICE has sucked from the beginning. They sucked
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during Bush, they sucked during Obama, and they sucked now.
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They've always been sucky. During Trump one point zero, he
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signed an executive order then increased ICE staffing by ten thousand,
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and they gave them even more powers, and so arrest
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by ICE grew even more with that, So they're the
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arrest of US citizens. And they were continuing the same
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raids that were happening during Obama, Like the Obama administration
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increased workplace raids, which again have always been a thing,
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but they just increased more and they also increased nighttime
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home raids. But now they're just later and more extreme
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with Trump. And then they added on places of worship
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and education. Yeah. Again, during Trump two point zero, things
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look worse than they are worse they are. ICE is
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already not high. Recruitment standards have been lowered a ton
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before twenty twenty five ro SO Enforcement at a removal
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operation officers they had to complete a thirteen week academy.
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Do you want to guess what that was cut down
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to four weeks in half? So half of thirteen six
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point five, So half of that they cut the Spanish
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language courses that were required. Those are gone. And so
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allegedly the amount of things that they train now is
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forty seven in honor of Trump being the forty seventh president.
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No way, where'd you see this? Wikipedia? It's alleged. Oh
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my god, a source in Wikipedia. You know how you
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look at Wikipedia and then you click on the actual
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source that comes from Yeah, yeah, yeah, oh wow. I
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mean that would be so stupid if that's true. That's
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the stupidest thing I've ever heard of. Well, what don't
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it's one of the many stupidest things. Yes, that's more
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like it. And The Intercept published a report by the
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DHS Officer of Inspector General revealing that one thy two