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Hi everyone. This is Carmen and Christina and this is
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Estodia's Unknown, a podcast about Latin American history. Sometimes it's
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horrible and deals with tivy topics like racism, corruption, and genocide.
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But more than that, it's also by resistance, power and community.
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And today I'm finally not talking krmen. What are what
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are you talking about today? What are you sharing? Oh? Yeah,
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it's been a it's been a minute there for you. Yes,
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it's been me. It was my fault. No worries, no worries,
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it was I don't want to say a good time
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because you know it was tough to hear, but it
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was a time. It was a time, aid. Oh yeah,
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oh you beat me to it. Okay, well, Christina, today
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we're talking about fascism. Okay, very on team. It's always
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on team in the US. But sadly, yeah, today we're
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talking about a fascist organization from Mexico, the National Synarchist Union. Oh,
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Mexican fascism. Yeah. The National Synracist Union is also commonly
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referred to as ls signor gistans. And before we get
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into it, let's define synarchy or synarchism. Have you heard
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this term? No, synarchism means joint rule or harmonious rule,
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meaning a form of government where political power rests with
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a secret elite aka a shadow government or a deep state.
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Oh that doesn't sound good. Yeah, a real deep state,
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a real deep state. Synarchy is not always religious, but
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in Mexico it was okay, And I mean, of course
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this goes without saying, but a government ruled by a
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shadow government or a secret lead is not good, right, right? Right?
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Wouldn't you say you agree? So you agree? Would agree? Yes?
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The National Sernacist Union was co founded by Josse Antonio Gisa,
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who is now described as a fascist, although in life
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he was supposedly a political and was interested more in religion.
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I'd argue that an interest in religion is almost always
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going to be conservative. Sometimes none, yeah, not always, not always.
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I take it back, I take it back. Not always.
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Hashtag not all Christians, but for Jsse Antonio. Josse Antonio
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or Giza, was a hardcore Catholic, but like extremists, extremists
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as yets okay. He was born April tenth, nineteen oh four,
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in Queretaro to a wealthy land owning family, but the
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family would go on to lose a lot of their
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land during the Mexican Revolution. I was going to ask
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what time places all this, but you're about to say, yeah, yeah, yeah,
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and so that happening. You know. His family losing their
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land during the revolution, no doubt influenced his ideology, even
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though he denied it was political. Okay, couldn't have radicalized him,
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but in a bad way. Yeah, the other way. Before
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Kofani the Synarchist Union, Juos Antonio was part of a
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secret Catholic society, an organization called the Base or the Legion,
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based out of Gua Oh no bad, Oh well, well,
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I kinda even to this day is known as a
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more Well, it's funny because it's known as probably the
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second gayest city of Mexico besides Mexico. But Calisco itself
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is very conservative and known to fall for right wing propaganda.
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I don't know if that's the right way to say
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it or not, but prone prone to be a more
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right wing I guess, yeah, and Catholic okay, but in
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a bad way, you know, but in a bad way. Yeah,
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But anyway. They were based out of Guadracarta and he
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was the leader of the Guana Quato division of the Legion.
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And I tried to find more info on this organization
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but couldn't really find anything. It's a secret, right of course.
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I did find a PDF that talked about the National
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League for the Defense of Religious Liberty or the League
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for short, and it was founded in nineteen twenty five
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and had a faction in guader Raacara. So then as
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I read about it and read on, it seemed like
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the League was a predecessor to the Legion, and the
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League actually split because a small group of Jesuits opposed
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using violence as a tactic and then just would Yeah,
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and anyway, these organizations met in secret with former Cristos.
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Oh not good to plot against the government. And we'll
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get into the Cosetto's a bit later on, but very briefly,
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because it could be its own topic. It certainly could,
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and it's in the list. It is well. They say
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that the tunnels, the tunnels in Waldaara were used a
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lot during the Cossetto War, I'm sure. In nineteen thirty seven,
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joss Antonio requested a meeting with other Legion division leaders
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and they met in May of that year. This was
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when they established the National Synarchise Union and the goal
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of the NSCU for short. I'm just gonna say NSCU
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for now, Okay, was twofold one to follow the guidelines
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of the and I don't know. I guess I'll just
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say it's Spanish, even though I guess secondly it's in
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Latin erum novarum. Oh, look, you casting spells, okay or not?
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I tried to say, I tried to remember a spell
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from Harry Saw. I could remember them until you said
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that that's the only one I remember. Anyway, This this
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thing was from Leo the thirteenth, okay. And so that's
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basically a guideline on the participation of Catholics and politics.
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I read more about it, but that was the easiest
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way for me to summarize it. But it's basically it
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was like a whole speech by Leo the thirteenth, basically
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saying you have to be Catholic every moment of every second,
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in every aspect of your life. And so then people
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took it to me, you have to be Catholic in
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your politics as well. At least these people took it
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to mean that. Yeah. And then the other goal of
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theirs was to fight against the secularization of the Mexican
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post revolutionary government, because this was a big thing post revolution.
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I mean, hence the Castao War. Yes, exactly, I did translate.
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I forgot I did that. Okay, So I did translate
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this Spellue said earlier. Yeah, I am hexting our listeners
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not oh no, not them. J I wouldn't do that
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to you. So anyway, it didn't make sense to me.
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And then I read some articles and that's how I
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understood that it was kind of like a guideline for politics. Okay, Catholics.
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But in case that makes sense to anyone, I'll just
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share my translation of it. So it said, quote, so
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that each one may know his obligation to God, what
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he must believe, what he must hope for, and what
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he must do for his eternal eternal salvation. And zealous
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care must be taken to strengthen them against the errors
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of certain opinions and against the various corruptions of vice.
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Let the workers be urged and incited to the worship
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of God, to a love of piety above all, let
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them be vigilant and fulfilling the obligation of holy days.
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Let them learn to love and revere the Church, the
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common mother of all and also to fulfill her precepts
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and frequent the sacraments, which are the divine instruments of
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purification and sanctification. That's what the thing is. All that
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came from those three Latin words. No, the redom nevedum
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is this it's like a speech. Okay, okay, yeah, yeah,
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I didn't mean he said it in Latin, but I
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understand now. I think that this is basically what the speech. Yeah, yeah,
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and those three words are the name of the speech.
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And if I understood correctly, like redum novadom is like
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a directive sort of, it's like a something like that. Okay, yeah, wow,
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my bad, I don't know where, know where you got
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that from? Yeah, And so they really believed in that.
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A month after founding the NSU, in June nineteenth, Juos
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Antonio and another leader of the group named Jose Troeba
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Olivarees drafted the Synarchist Manifesto, which says the following. Face
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with the distressing problem that agitate the entire nation, it
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is absolutely, absolutely necessary that there be an organization composed
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of true patriots, an organization that works for the restoration
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of the fundamental rights of each citizen. Whose highest goal
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is the salvation of the homeland. In contrast to the Utopians,
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who dream of a society without rulers and without laws,
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Synarchism wants a society governed by a legitimate authority emanating
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from the free, democratic activity of the people, which truly
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guarantees the social order within which everyone finds their happiness,
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but not in a selfish way, but ensuring that everyone
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achieves the good that each one desires for themselves. In
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the face of every human pain, in the face of
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every social evil, Synarchism proposes to study how to press
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it and work until this end is achieved. Nothing that
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has social significance will be indifferent to it. The common
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good will have to be its constant occupation, and its
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task will always be to work to achieve it. Synarchism
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is a way of being and living, a way of
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feeling and acting in the face of problems that affect
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the general interest. It is a spiritual generous attitude, is
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a spirit and will always ready to serve others. The
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synarchist asks for nothing for himself. He must always be
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ready to dedicate himself to any work that results in
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collective benefit, to lend the resources of his physical strength,
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his money, or his talent to provide any media and
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affect the remedy for any social evil. The good of
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all public happiness and the moral and economic salvation of
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the nation demand a price, the sacrifice and effort that
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each person must contribute according to their means. Oh my God,
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it goes on. Synarchism is a positive movement which unifies, builds,
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and aggrandizes, and therefore diametrically opposed to the doctrines that
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support postulates of hatred and devastation. Synarchism proclaims love for
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the homeland and will oppose with all its forces the
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systems that seek to erase the borders of peoples to
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turn the world into an immense feeverdom where the evil
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and perverse propagandaists who invented these theories easily rain. Synarchism
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will be the most ardent defender of justice, and will
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therefore persecute those who traffic in human misery. Synarchism cannot
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concede that there is happiness and progress where there is
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no freedom. It believes that this is the most sacred
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conquest of humanity, and will fight tirelessly until it prevails
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in our country. In this manifesto, The Synarchist Organizing Committee
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launches a call to all Mexicans who are willing to
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work for the aggrandizement of Mexico, to all those who
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getting rid of selfishness, want to lend their cooperate to
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organize any society on the basis of greater justice. The
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ills that afflct our country will not be remedied with lamentations,
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but with well directed activity. The Synarchist movement has set
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three luminous words as that's motto, Country, Justice and Freedom.
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So very long, yeah, very long. Like on paper, it
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doesn't sound terrible at first, but then I guess when
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they're like because I maybe I know, and I didn't
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know this for the longest time. I just knew the
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Pristino War was something that happened. But the big issue
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people had with religion in Mexico that led to the
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Consta War is that the churches were very greedy and
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they were like demanding money from people. And so without
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that context of that's how the religious organizations worked in
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Mexico at the time, this synergy sounds like a good thing, right,
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But if they're trying to keep the religious order in charge,
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then then it's not a good thing. It's not not
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and it's within the context of yeah yeah, yeah, and
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it's really posturing like nationalism, yes, which is always bad,
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and it's always tied to fascism as well, always yeah yeah. Okay.
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So back to the Ukiza family. Although the Uquisa family
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lost a lot of their land during the revolution, they
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were so wealthy landowners and as we know, landowners are
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not the kindest to their tenants, especially during this time,
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and so joss Antonio was described as quote not an exemplary,
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exemplary landlord okay, and he was known to mistreat his workers,
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which some say could have been a reason for his death. Oh.
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On April eleventh, nineteen thirty eight, Josse Antonio went to
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a paseo the Grande, a town in Guanaquato to settle
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a dispute he had with the farmer working in one
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of its properties, Isidro Para. The dispute ended with Thesidro,
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who was drunk, stabbing and killing jos Antonio in Sidro
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was sentenced to thirty years in prison for the murder
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of juss Atonio, but Hossantonio's family and fellow UNS members
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believe that then President Nasaro Cardenas directly ordered the death
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of Cossantonio since the Guisas opposed the land reform and
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Cardenas in general. Okay, yeah, and so the UNS made
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a martyr out of ross Antonio. And anyway, you might
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be wondering why any of this matters and what is
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so bad about the UNS and Cusstantonio and why you're
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talking about it. Yeah, like what you've been talking about.
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But the issue, or one of the issues, is that
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coss Antonio co founded a movement that pushed for the
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return to the traditions of Roman Catholicism, Spanish heritage, and
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a Christian social order. And the movement opposed communism. And
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this is not really an issue, but it was just
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a thing of theirs. But because they're a fascist organization, right,
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they opposed communism. But they also opposed what they called
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Protestant liberalism, and they also referred to it as the
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Yankee Protestant liberalism. Oh and so this was actually something
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I did agree with them on. They opposed Protestant liberalism
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because they felt it was too much tied to capitalism
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and that it valued capitalism over religion. And remember, these
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people have religion over anything, right, So that's why they
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didn't agree with that. And they strongly opposed the United
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States and the United States intervention, which that I can
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agree on as well. Same and they even opposed the
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US and racism against black people and Mexican migrants. And
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I was like, okay, wait, am I are playing? And
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they also denounced the Brassetta program because of the mistreatment
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and the low wages that the Brassettos were subjected to.
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But at the same time they support US, they supported
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fascist dictators like Franco Mussolini. I don't know, I said,
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Masoli Spanish and Hitler. Oh yeah, yeah, so you know
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that's where we draw line, rightfully. So wow, okay, so
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some points and some not good points, right right right.
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And one of the founders of the movement of the
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Synarchists Union or whatever was a German professor of languages
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Into named Helmuth Oscar Schleider, and he was an actual