Nov. 21, 2024

Operation Wetback

Operation Wetback

In 1954, the U.S. Border Patrol enacted “Operation Wetback,” a campaign to deport Mexican workers who were in the country illegally. The program was called a success and claimed to have rounded up 1 million people, though that number is now contested....

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In 1954, the U.S. Border Patrol enacted “Operation Wetback,” a campaign to deport Mexican workers who were in the country illegally. The program was called a success and claimed to have rounded up 1 million people, though that number is now contested. US citizens were among the deported and many died due to being left in the desert.

In this episode, Cristina tells Carmen about operation wetback, the context leading up to it and a little bit about the man behind it.

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Music Credit: Hustlin (Instrumental) by Neffex

Sources

https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/operation-wetback
https://www.vox.com/politics/380582/mass-deportations-trump-history-alien-enemies
https://theconversation.com/largest-deportation-campaign-in-us-history-is-no-match-for-trumps-plan-73651
https://documents.latimes.com/eisenhower-era-deportations/
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/11/11/455613993/it-came-up-in-the-debate-here-are-3-things-to-know-about-operation-wetback
https://theintercept.com/2017/02/26/the-long-history-of-deportation-scare-tactics-at-the-u-s-mexico-border/https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2015/09/08/437579834/mass-deportation-may-sound-unlikely-but-its-happened-before
https://www.history.com/news/operation-wetback-eisenhower-1954-deportation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Wetback

WEBVTT

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Hi, everyone. This is Carmen and Christina and this is

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Estorias Unknown, a podcast where we talk about Latin American history.

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Sometimes it's horrible and deals with tibe topics like racism, corruption,

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and genocide. But more than that, it's also about resistance,

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power and community. Okay, and uh, Christina, what are we

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talking about today? Well, Carmen, since winning the election is okay? Sorry,

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go ahead, let me do my intro that I wrote

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up and I like it and wow, I'm excited to

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hear it. Okay, I'm gonna start before your scream. Don't

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scream again. Okay, I'm not gonna scream. Since winning the election,

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Trump is back in the headlines saying a lot of

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things like always today. At the time recording November eighteen,

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twenty twenty four, one headline stood out to me. Donald

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Trump plans to declare a national emergency in order to

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enact a program of mass deportations using the military. And

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that's nothing new for him. Yeah. During the last round

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of campaigns for him, which was twenty sixteen or twenty twenty,

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which I guess I blocked from my memory. That do

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you block? Twenty twenty, there was three campaigns pretential campaigns.

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Yeah from this man. Yep. Three. My brain hurts, all right,

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So probably both times. I feel like he often talked

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about how much he loved Operation went Back. I don't

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remember that at all. You don't remember him saying how

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much he loved Operation went Back? Okay, I don't. I

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don't remember which round twenty sixteen or twenty twenty that

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this direct quote comes from, but he said, and it

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was during it must have been the twenty sixteen debate,

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I think. But he said the following Dwight Eisenhower, good president,

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great president. People liked him. I like ike, right the

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expression I like ike. Moved a million half illegal immigrants

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out of this country. Moved them just beyond the border.

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They came back. Moved them again beyond the border. They

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came back. They didn't like it, moved way south. They

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never came back. I'm sorry, fucking talk, sorry, try to finish.

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It's fucking okay, Okay, they never came back. Dwight Eisenhower,

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you don't get nicer, you don't get friendlier. They moved

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a million half people out. We have no choice. End quote.

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That's the stupid, sucking way you can talk. And I

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can't talk like Kevin from the office. Shorter sentences save time. Yep,

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that's how he talks. I can't believe we're being subjected

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to this again, like like this is like non coherent babbel.

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It's where you kind of understand it after reading it

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again and you're like, okay, not complete sentences, but apparently

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it speaks to millions of dumb gitches. Literally literally hurt

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my brain when I read that. Anyway, the point of this,

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oh right, there was a point to this. Yes, that

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number half a million half people, which he that number

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is not even like right, but whatever, Oh like he

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didn't say that a million and a half people, but

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he's keeps saying a million half people, not like one

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point five million or whatever. Okay, one point five million people.

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That number is a lie. The operation went back to

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not deport one point five million people a lie? Really,

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some numbers put it at three hundred thousand. But what

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was a operation wetback? That is today's topic. And yeah,

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I had something else in mind, half written already, and

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then I saw the headline when I woke up, and

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we were like, nope, it's finally time to do an

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episode on Operation Wetback. It's been on the list for

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forever and we've talked about it, but yeah, that is

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the episode today, Operation went Back. And yes, that was

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the name because people, I mean, you know, some people

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today still use the term, but back then it was

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widely used. Before we get into Operation Wetback. There is

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some context that we need a lot that we've already

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discussed over several episodes, like La Migra, Oh my god,

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my brain is not working. I can tell I didn't

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take my booster meds. Oh I just took mine. You

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better take a bandage of your meds now, because soon

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you're going to be in a concentration camp with everyone

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else that takes adhd yes. According to RFK, he's going

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to put every who takes well, he's said adderall, and

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I don't. You don't take generall. No, I take metal venedades.

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So okay, well maybe no, who's kidding? Are we kidding? Anyway? Yeah?

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I got to use them now. Well, like okay, so

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where even was I? Oh? Yeah? In La Grand matcha episode,

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we talked a little bit more about immigration laws, the

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history of like immigration. Over several episodes we've done, you know,

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little bits of Mexican migration to the US, and we've

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you know, we've talked about all of that. Yeah, like

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in the placid Vea episode where we talked about the

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Placida raid. There were mass deportations of Mexicans during the

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Great Depression. Americans were looking for someone to blame for

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the lack of work, money, food, everything, because he's this

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sucks for everyone, and instead of uniting like as a country,

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they were like, those people are not us, they are

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causing all this. Deport them. Well it's like always yeah,

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I'm looking for escape to go, and more often than

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not it's immigrants. Yeah, one type of immigrant. Yeah yeah, sorry,

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brown immigrants. Yes, yes, So Mexicans were you know, first

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Mexicans were among the first to be fired as soon

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as the Wall Street crash of nineteen twenty nine happened.

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Like all Mexicans were fired basically, and a lot voluntarily

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returned to Mexico like on their own, but the ones

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that didn't were deported. So during the Great Depression, the

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numbers it's hard to find exact numbers, but the US

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according to US numbers, like US government numbers, over the years,

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they've said eighty two hundred to one point eight million.

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Mexico said two million were deported or left on their own.

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They joined those two numbers to count them as all deported,

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which included Mexican American citizens too, because of course there's

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you know, the children of my Mexican immigrants moor here, right,

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they're going to go with their families, right, But also

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just Mexican citizens in general were rounded up too, like

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they weren't safe because they looked Mexican, so they were

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also deported. So by nineteen thirty four, one third of

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all Mexicans and the United States had been deported, which

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is a lot. Yeah, I made a surprise, fase, yes

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you did. It's estimated that sixty percent of those were

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US born citizens. Entire barrios in La disappeared during this time.

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Oh my god. You know. But then in a few years,

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with all the deported Mexicans and then World War two,

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the US was in need of labor, and so the

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Mexican and American governments developed the Rossetto program, which is

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the following and we've said this before, but the Mexican

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Farm Labor Program was the executive order that established the

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Rossetto program in nineteen forty two. This was an agreement

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beare when the US and Mexico which allowed Mexican men

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to work legally in the US under short term labor contracts,

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but undocumented immigrants were still entering the US and being

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hired by American workers. Some states, like California became dependent

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on the Bassetto program and on doing it right using

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the Bataceto program workers who are legally in the US,

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But other places like Texas shocker there, refused to participate

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in the Batacetto program because they didn't want to adhere

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to the rules and wages established by the program, and

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they wanted to pay them even less and exploit undocumented workers,

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so they continued to hire them, and this was essentially

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like going over the program that's supposed to benefit benefit

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both countries, the US Mexico. Mexico was not happy. They

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needed workers to come back, which is what the Basseto

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program was doing. Contract over returned to Mexico, come back

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for season work. Most people did until all the undocumented

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workers that were being hired in Texas this required them

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to stay. It wasn't seasonal work anymore, so now they

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were staying, they weren't returning to Mexico and Mexico needed

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workers too, so they pressured the US to tighten immigration

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laws and border security. This is actually when the border

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wall was made and a border patrol presence was increased,

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and there were smaller rounds of deportations that led up

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to operation went back to try and get Textan farmers

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to comply with the Verasclo program. So they'd go and like,

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you know, take all their undocumented workers, and like you

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have to use the rasseto program. You can't use these workers.

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They're being deported. And these depretations they happened with the

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help of the Mexican government. They had to like they

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wanted them back in Mexico too. The problem with these

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deportations is that then workers simply re entered the US,

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so then Mexico and the US. And when I say that,

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it's the government's right of these two countries in case

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people are not clear. But they worked together to make

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a plan that would deport Mexicans deeper into Mexico using

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trains built in planes, but it hadn't really been fully implemented.

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The plan was there that way Mexicans wouldn't return. Okay.

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In the middle of all this planning, Texan farmers ruined

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it again, of course they did. When Border patrol arrived

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to deport their undocumented workers, they fought back with guns.

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Oh my god, these are my workers. Oh my god.

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Only it's like so ironic now that they were like

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and it wasn't in the interest of the workers, it

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was in their own interests. But they're they're fighting deportations.

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So yeah, in response to that, the Mexican government sent

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their troops to the Mexican side of the border. When

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they did that, this is nineteen fifty three, now, when

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they did that, the predecessor to Operation Went Back was

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thought up in response to this. So Harlan Carter just

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you know, sounds like an evil name, but no, I

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don't recognize it. Yeah, Harlan Carter, the head of Border Patrol,

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went to President Eisenhower and proposed a plan to use

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the US military to round up and topport undocumented Mexicans.

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He called it Operation cloud Burst. But eisen Howard rejected

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the plan because there was this doctrine that I forgot

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to write down the name of. But this thing that

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made it so the US military could not be used

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for domestic law indrustments. Okay, I've heard of that it's

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still the thing today. This is the National Guard exists.

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And also more on Harlan Carter because he fucking sucks.

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He's actually there's a two or three part episode on

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Behind the Bastards. Oh really about him. Yeah, I'm gonna

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check that out. It's like, I don't remember what they

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titled it, but yeah, he's he's the guy who created Bordatrol. Basically,

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oh my god, anyone, yeah, who could do that, red,

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no matter what person. But yeah, he's actually a convicted murderer.

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I'm shocked. In nineteen thirty one, when he was a

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mere seventeen years old, he killed Ramon Gaciano, a Mexican

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American teen, where he lived in La Lo, Texas, and

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he he was upset that Ramon and his Mexican friends

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were hanging out in front of his house. Oh my god,

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and so he hunted them down, found them, aimed the

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shotgun at Ramon's chest and pulled the trigger. Wow. So

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he like deliberately m hm wow, straight up killer. Wow.

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And jury convicted him of the killing. Oh good, they

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found him guilty, but then it was overturned because there

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was some procedural like technical thing that went wrong but

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he literally was found guilty, Like yeah, but uh yeah,

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no repercussions for any of this, you know, and clearly

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his Was it a coincidence that this was a Mexican

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American teen? I don't. I don't know, not at all,

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you know. Yeah, so, you know, he went on to

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have a nice career. He went to join the US

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Border Patrol, and then I don't, I can't remember like

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his full story. I didn't write it down for this episode.

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So somehow he becomes like the head of the Border

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Patrol at some point. Okay, but the behind the Bastard's

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episodes does go to get into that deep into it. Yeah, okay,

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so yeah, he's the one who proposed Operation cloud Lift.

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And so in the middle of all this tension that

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was going on, Mexico took back their agreement on the

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Vasado program. They're like no more. This is when Eisenhower

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changed Operation cloud Burst into Operation where Back and said

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we're doing this. He appointed Army General Joseph May Swing

212
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as a Commissioner of the i S, the Immigration and

213
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Naturalization Service, and then together General Swing and Harlan Carter

214
00:14:14.960 --> 00:14:18.919
carried out Operation Wetback, only using Border Patrol instead of

215
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the military, so now it was legal. So on June ninth,

216
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nineteen fifty four, I S Commissioner Swing announced the commencement

217
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of Operation Wetback. The first phase of the operation began

218
00:14:32.399 --> 00:14:36.440
in California and Arizona, and really more than a mass

219
00:14:36.480 --> 00:14:41.120
deportation campaign, it was also a terror campaign. It was

220
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a show to put fear into like Mexicans in the country,

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like the government showing like, hey, this is what we

222
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can do, so you should be scared. Yeah. And also

223
00:14:52.559 --> 00:14:55.559
this show of THEIRS was super exaggerated. They wanted it

224
00:14:55.679 --> 00:14:59.240
to look like a straight up war strategy, like the

225
00:14:59.279 --> 00:15:02.720
way it was di Eyes. It was like basically a

226
00:15:03.240 --> 00:15:08.679
basically a military operation using border patrol. Wow, they used well,

227
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I'll mention this in a bit so. Phase one was

228
00:15:11.279 --> 00:15:15.720
called Operation bus Lift. It took place in Arizona and California.

229
00:15:15.919 --> 00:15:19.399
Greyhound buses leaving El Centro, California to Nogales, Arizona were

230
00:15:19.480 --> 00:15:23.679
full of deportees. Twenty eight buses with a total of

231
00:15:23.759 --> 00:15:27.840
one thousand and eight undocumented migrants. They were taken to

232
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Arizona and then from there into deep like the desert,

233
00:15:32.159 --> 00:15:35.440
like twenty ish miles past the border to make it

234
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harder for them to come back right. And then a

235
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week after this it was Phase two. This was called

236
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Operation Sweeps. So here border patrol rated farms to find

237
00:15:45.799 --> 00:15:49.399
undocumented workers with the help of local police, and here

238
00:15:49.759 --> 00:15:51.799
four thousand, four hundred and three were rounded up in

239
00:15:51.919 --> 00:15:54.639
just that first week. But these sweeps continued throughout the

240
00:15:54.720 --> 00:15:58.639
Central Valley and the rest of California and Arizona. Then

241
00:15:58.799 --> 00:16:02.200
on July third, the first Mobile Task Force was set

242
00:16:02.240 --> 00:16:07.679
up in McAllen, Texas, and here they set up roadblock

243
00:16:07.720 --> 00:16:12.039
inspections to stop undocumented migrants who were heading north on trains,

244
00:16:12.559 --> 00:16:16.399
so they were raiding trains basically. And these initial phases

245
00:16:16.519 --> 00:16:20.080
scared a lot who would end up voluntarily returning to

246
00:16:20.159 --> 00:16:23.679
Mexico on their own. I've read different numbers. Some said

247
00:16:23.799 --> 00:16:28.039
sixty thousand to half a million left on their own

248
00:16:28.200 --> 00:16:31.879
before being deported, But they're being counted in that total

249
00:16:32.039 --> 00:16:36.960
one point five million that Trump keeps spouting. But technically

250
00:16:37.000 --> 00:16:41.440
they weren't deported. So by September third, nineteen fifty four,

251
00:16:42.120 --> 00:16:48.120
deportations by c began. So the SS Emancipation and the

252
00:16:48.480 --> 00:16:54.639
SS Vera Cruz would sail two thousand miles from Port Isabel,

253
00:16:54.720 --> 00:16:58.720
Texas to Vera Cruz, Mexico, and they did this twenty

254
00:16:58.759 --> 00:17:03.039
six times. Wow. This trip, both ships transported around eight

255
00:17:03.159 --> 00:17:08.559
hundred to one thousand undocumented workers or immigrants to per voyage.

256
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And then on September eighteenth, they started doing airlifts from

257
00:17:12.200 --> 00:17:18.279
the Midwest. So now you know, places like Chicago, Saint Louis,

258
00:17:18.400 --> 00:17:23.440
Kansas City were rounding up migrants and then putting them

259
00:17:23.480 --> 00:17:27.720
on planes, then from there going to Brownsville, Texas, and

260
00:17:27.799 --> 00:17:30.000
then after that they were put on ships to Vera Cruz.

261
00:17:30.680 --> 00:17:33.720
And the conditions of these ships were later compared to

262
00:17:33.880 --> 00:17:37.759
ships carrying enslaved Africans. Oh my god, Camo was called Emancipation.

263
00:17:38.920 --> 00:17:42.079
You know, it's probably the same ship. That'd be the

264
00:17:42.160 --> 00:17:44.920
same I said, that's what it was called. No, it

265
00:17:45.039 --> 00:17:46.799
is called that. I'm saying, it's probably like a ship

266
00:17:46.839 --> 00:17:51.480
that was used back then. Obviously it wasn't. Yeah, that

267
00:17:51.480 --> 00:17:55.000
would be so, but like what a fucking name, right, Like, yeah,

268
00:17:55.519 --> 00:17:59.200
not cool. A lot of people call these ships hell ships.

269
00:18:00.480 --> 00:18:05.920
They were severely overcrowded. At least five deportees drowned because

270
00:18:05.960 --> 00:18:12.480
of the conditions and the overcrowdedness of the ships, and

271
00:18:12.599 --> 00:18:16.000
then just more on like the rounding of the deportees.

272
00:18:16.480 --> 00:18:20.279
Border patrol agents would go into Mexican neighborhoods, often in

273
00:18:20.319 --> 00:18:23.599
the middle of the night. Sometimes they would drive around

274
00:18:23.720 --> 00:18:26.319
in circles for hours to make it seem like there

275
00:18:26.359 --> 00:18:29.759
were more of them than there actually were, like all

276
00:18:29.799 --> 00:18:31.720
the cars don't stop coming, but it's just the same

277
00:18:31.799 --> 00:18:35.680
card Oh my god. Yeah. Also that's just like to

278
00:18:35.759 --> 00:18:38.440
scare them more on purpose. Yeah, they would also go

279
00:18:38.480 --> 00:18:41.680
into Mexican businesses sometimes they you know, they just grabbed

280
00:18:41.720 --> 00:18:46.119
whoever looked Mexican and then demanded identification from Mexican looking people.

281
00:18:46.799 --> 00:18:50.160
And like you know, back then, nobody carried their documentation,

282
00:18:51.200 --> 00:18:56.319
so if they can prove that they were born here,

283
00:18:56.799 --> 00:18:59.319
they were just taken. So that's how a lot of

284
00:18:59.519 --> 00:19:02.640
citizens ended up being deported as well, on top of

285
00:19:02.759 --> 00:19:07.319
the children of immigrants. So yeah, anyone Mexican looking, which

286
00:19:07.400 --> 00:19:09.559
is racist of course, of course, and we don't need

287
00:19:09.599 --> 00:19:11.400
to say it, but we do need to say it, right,

288
00:19:11.519 --> 00:19:14.640
like apparently we do. Yeah, Like this reminds me of

289
00:19:16.640 --> 00:19:21.039
you know, the hr Yeah that we all tried to

290
00:19:21.720 --> 00:19:25.559
stop and now there's like versions of it across different states.

291
00:19:26.079 --> 00:19:28.720
But you know, there was a oh a different law

292
00:19:28.759 --> 00:19:32.240
in Arizona that they were trying to pass to stop

293
00:19:32.359 --> 00:19:38.240
all people suspected of being undocumented. But really it was

294
00:19:38.319 --> 00:19:41.599
like anyone that looked Mexican. Yeah. Yeah, and now that's

295
00:19:41.640 --> 00:19:43.240
like all that kind of stuff is coming back. That's

296
00:19:43.319 --> 00:19:48.279
called racial profiling. Yeah, and it is racist also, wow,

297
00:19:48.480 --> 00:19:51.759
against the law. Yeah, but that's what they were doing

298
00:19:51.799 --> 00:19:54.039
back then, just oh you look Mexican, let's you know,

299
00:19:54.200 --> 00:19:57.880
deport you. There were no hearings, no trials, which is

300
00:19:58.039 --> 00:20:02.640
a right, but not a right for and documented people. Yeah.

301
00:20:03.680 --> 00:20:05.480
They were simply just put on the back of trucks

302
00:20:05.559 --> 00:20:08.680
buses and then just deported. Uh. They weren't even allowed

303
00:20:08.720 --> 00:20:13.480
to like contact their families. So many times they didn't

304
00:20:13.480 --> 00:20:16.240
even know, like families of them didn't didn't know that

305
00:20:16.319 --> 00:20:20.720
they were taken, like they just disappeared. And since deeper

306
00:20:20.799 --> 00:20:25.160
tees were taken deeper into Mexico, uh, often not where

307
00:20:25.160 --> 00:20:28.200
they were originally from, they didn't know how to get to.

308
00:20:29.359 --> 00:20:31.359
They didn't know where they were. Like my god, Now

309
00:20:31.440 --> 00:20:34.160
imagine that for like people born in the US, like

310
00:20:35.119 --> 00:20:36.799
drop me in the middle of Mexico and I'm like

311
00:20:36.880 --> 00:20:40.880
what the fuck? Oh my god, I would someone take music. Well,

312
00:20:40.960 --> 00:20:44.559
I got up, mom, Mom take me. How do I

313
00:20:44.720 --> 00:20:51.359
get to my Wita's house? Historian Meda Cruz. Oh yeah, god,

314
00:20:51.440 --> 00:20:53.839
oh my god, I can't imagine. You imagine how like

315
00:20:53.960 --> 00:20:56.000
and back then like no, like now, I don't know.

316
00:20:56.079 --> 00:20:57.960
If you had your phone, you could GPS or whatever,

317
00:20:59.200 --> 00:21:04.799
but with probably nothing, none of their belongings. Yeah, nothing,

318
00:21:04.920 --> 00:21:08.880
no map, no money, I don't know. Yeah, it's seriously

319
00:21:08.920 --> 00:21:11.680
messed up. And like some people were lucky to be

320
00:21:11.799 --> 00:21:15.119
deported into cities, like the people that were left in Veracruz.

321
00:21:15.319 --> 00:21:17.559
They were taken to a port where there's a city,

322
00:21:17.960 --> 00:21:19.599
and there was a little bit of help from the

323
00:21:19.640 --> 00:21:23.640
Mexican government who supposedly supposedly they said, we're going to

324
00:21:23.720 --> 00:21:28.319
help all the deportees. They didn't wow, And like I said,

325
00:21:28.319 --> 00:21:31.160
they weren't able to grather belongings. They didn't have anything

326
00:21:31.240 --> 00:21:34.559
on them, like nothing when they were deported to Mexico.

327
00:21:34.960 --> 00:21:37.400
And the worst was the ones that were deported to

328
00:21:37.599 --> 00:21:40.720
the middle of the desert with nothing, not even food

329
00:21:40.839 --> 00:21:44.759
or water. Wow, that's like a death sentence. It literally

330
00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:47.319
was a death sentence. You know. They were left in

331
00:21:47.400 --> 00:21:50.359
the middle of the desert in one hundred and twelve

332
00:21:50.839 --> 00:21:56.039
degree weather. Eighty eight Mexicans died in July nineteen fifty

333
00:21:56.119 --> 00:21:59.240
five due to this. Wow. And it would have been

334
00:21:59.319 --> 00:22:04.279
more if the Red Cross hadn't intervened, which is yeah,

335
00:22:04.640 --> 00:22:08.240
literally death sentence, like a death march. That's what they're doing,

336
00:22:09.279 --> 00:22:12.599
making these people get off the bus and they're like

337
00:22:12.720 --> 00:22:16.119
taking them to their deaths. Literally. Yeah. There's reports of

338
00:22:16.240 --> 00:22:19.680
like reporters tried to they would get on these buses

339
00:22:19.799 --> 00:22:23.079
to try and like document all this and they couldn't

340
00:22:23.400 --> 00:22:27.440
like keep up with the deportees like documenting their journey

341
00:22:27.440 --> 00:22:30.799
because it was too difficult. Wow. And their asses are reporters,

342
00:22:30.839 --> 00:22:33.400
they have their things with them, they can leave, go back,

343
00:22:33.519 --> 00:22:37.680
you know. But that's how hard it was. Wow. So yeah,

344
00:22:37.759 --> 00:22:41.920
eighty eight died, and yeah, they were apprehended without giving

345
00:22:41.960 --> 00:22:47.880
a chance to contact their family members and also to

346
00:22:48.160 --> 00:22:54.240
accommodate all the rounding up of people, makeshift concentration camps

347
00:22:54.599 --> 00:23:02.960
created in public parks. Sounds familiar, right, like Alesioned Park

348
00:23:03.039 --> 00:23:08.759
in La Wow. Yeah, that was a concentration camp. Up

349
00:23:08.799 --> 00:23:12.960
to a thousand people were held at these. That's a lot. Yes,

350
00:23:13.359 --> 00:23:17.680
I didn't know that I've heard because we've talked a

351
00:23:17.759 --> 00:23:20.839
little bit about Operation New went back, but I didn't

352
00:23:20.920 --> 00:23:24.759
know about concentration camps. Like I'm not shocked, but I'm

353
00:23:24.839 --> 00:23:27.480
just like, I can't believe I didn't know this. And

354
00:23:27.640 --> 00:23:29.119
of course, right, because all these people need to be

355
00:23:29.200 --> 00:23:33.359
held somewhere. Yeah, and now the system in place now

356
00:23:33.480 --> 00:23:37.640
didn't exist back then detention centers, which are the same

357
00:23:37.720 --> 00:23:44.920
thing concentration. Yeah. Yeah, so at these camps, they migrants

358
00:23:44.960 --> 00:23:50.000
reported being beaten and mistreated. No surprise there, no, So

359
00:23:50.599 --> 00:23:53.000
all of this was like a show to American people.

360
00:23:53.920 --> 00:23:57.440
Reporters like followed all the deporties. It was like like

361
00:23:57.559 --> 00:24:03.799
a what do they call it? Media circus? Oh? Okay, yeah? Sorry. Also,

362
00:24:03.839 --> 00:24:06.519
I'm dying right now. I don't know. I just sat

363
00:24:06.599 --> 00:24:10.240
down and I'm like I was dying too because of

364
00:24:10.279 --> 00:24:12.440
mymd's wearing. Now, okay, because I'm the one doing all

365
00:24:12.440 --> 00:24:15.039
the talking, I feel alive again, right, that makes a

366
00:24:15.079 --> 00:24:19.599
lot of sense. Yeah, so yeah, all of this was

367
00:24:19.640 --> 00:24:22.480
like a show to the American people. Here are some

368
00:24:22.599 --> 00:24:26.680
of the headlines by LA Times, July twelve, nineteen fifty four.

369
00:24:26.839 --> 00:24:30.519
Wetbacks Detention Center camp slated Ilesian Park will be focal

370
00:24:30.640 --> 00:24:35.480
point in Alien roundup June eighteen, nineteen fifty four, Five

371
00:24:35.559 --> 00:24:38.839
hundred and nat by La wetback raiders two hundred to

372
00:24:38.920 --> 00:24:43.240
take part in the raid June nineteen, nineteen fifty four,

373
00:24:43.519 --> 00:24:46.519
one two hundred and fifty nine more wetbacks deported in

374
00:24:46.559 --> 00:24:50.160
a single day. Yesterday's returnees at Nogales make up biggest

375
00:24:50.240 --> 00:24:54.799
number in current crackdown. June twenty, nineteen fifty four wet

376
00:24:54.839 --> 00:24:58.079
bags heard it at Nogales Camp one thousand, one hundred

377
00:24:58.160 --> 00:25:01.880
eighty seven wait and blistering for last leg of journey home.

378
00:25:02.680 --> 00:25:09.119
They loved the world went back. Yeah an alien, Yes, yes.

379
00:25:11.319 --> 00:25:19.000
Many celebrated the deportations, of course, including Mexican Americans. If

380
00:25:19.039 --> 00:25:22.559
I had to hear about these goddamn fools one more

381
00:25:22.640 --> 00:25:25.160
fucking time, I'm gonna square up. I'm gonna find the

382
00:25:25.200 --> 00:25:27.079
guys on the street and I'm gonna square up because

383
00:25:27.079 --> 00:25:30.880
I'm so tired of this. Yeah. So that's not our

384
00:25:30.920 --> 00:25:34.480
own hand they of course. But now there's like a

385
00:25:34.640 --> 00:25:40.000
leopard ate my face moment coming. Wow. So among the

386
00:25:40.720 --> 00:25:44.559
Mexican Americans that they support the deportations, they were largely veterans,

387
00:25:44.960 --> 00:25:53.319
no surprise, dumb men, so influential Latino organizations like the

388
00:25:53.519 --> 00:25:56.920
League of United Latin American Citizens and the American gi

389
00:25:57.160 --> 00:26:02.200
Forum supported tough immigration policy that the US was instituting.

390
00:26:02.759 --> 00:26:07.359
But as the raids continued and now citizens were also

391
00:26:07.519 --> 00:26:10.160
being deported, then they were like, oh, maybe it isn't

392
00:26:10.319 --> 00:26:13.519
Maybe it is a problem. Oh hold on, maybe it's

393
00:26:13.599 --> 00:26:17.480
not about document document status or immigration status. Maybe it's

394
00:26:17.519 --> 00:26:22.720
actually a racist act and based on racism and in aphobia,

395
00:26:22.960 --> 00:26:27.440
not on legal immigrations, you know what I mean, Like, yes, duh,

396
00:26:28.079 --> 00:26:36.279
and history, history tells us what happens, right, and so yeah,

397
00:26:36.519 --> 00:26:40.160
I'll just leave it at that. Yeah. So they finally

398
00:26:40.279 --> 00:26:44.519
began to realize, you know, it was a problem. So

399
00:26:44.759 --> 00:26:47.960
historian David Gutierrez wrote the following in his book Walls

400
00:26:48.000 --> 00:26:52.079
and Mirrors. Not even the most politically conservative Mexican American

401
00:26:52.400 --> 00:26:55.960
organizations could ignore the fact that immigration drag nets so

402
00:26:56.160 --> 00:27:00.759
roundups not only were affecting illegal aliens, but also were

403
00:27:00.839 --> 00:27:06.599
devastating to Mexican American families, disrupting businesses in Mexican neighborhoods

404
00:27:07.079 --> 00:27:14.839
and fanning inter ethnic animosities throughout the border region. By

405
00:27:14.960 --> 00:27:20.960
nineteen fifty four, done by nineteen fifty four, Lulax News

406
00:27:21.200 --> 00:27:26.400
publication was running more sympathetic stories as before, so they

407
00:27:26.519 --> 00:27:30.960
described the status of those arriving in Mexico as broken

408
00:27:31.079 --> 00:27:35.200
man with strength spent and exhausted by the senseless struggles

409
00:27:35.279 --> 00:27:39.079
of a life evolving around slavish, ill paid labor and

410
00:27:39.200 --> 00:27:43.680
the degradation degradation of jail and prison cells. So like

411
00:27:44.079 --> 00:27:48.960
now they're finally seeing them. Oh wow, when the father

412
00:27:49.160 --> 00:27:52.000
of a Mexican American child is deported, it affects the

413
00:27:52.039 --> 00:27:54.480
whole family. Who would have thought or affects Oh, that's

414
00:27:54.519 --> 00:27:57.119
the uncle of someone. Oll Oh my uncle. I'm a

415
00:27:57.240 --> 00:27:59.359
veteran and I'm my uncle, like you know, Like it

416
00:27:59.440 --> 00:28:03.039
wasn't until it started affecting them. And more often than not,

417
00:28:03.279 --> 00:28:07.079
families are like mixed status. So of course it affects citizens.

418
00:28:07.240 --> 00:28:11.119
And I mean, if it only even if it didn't

419
00:28:11.119 --> 00:28:14.839
affect only citizens, like you should care anyway, Maybe they

420
00:28:14.880 --> 00:28:18.160
should have cared before. At least they changed their standards.

421
00:28:18.400 --> 00:28:22.440
That's true. It's important people do and can change their minds,

422
00:28:22.480 --> 00:28:28.640
and that's a good thing. Yeah, okay, and now I'm

423
00:28:28.640 --> 00:28:31.759
gonna I found this like last minute. It's from the

424
00:28:31.920 --> 00:28:36.000
Wall Street Journal and it was paywal but apparently my

425
00:28:36.119 --> 00:28:40.559
library gives me subscriptions to the Oh, to a bunch

426
00:28:40.599 --> 00:28:43.160
of like the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal.

427
00:28:43.279 --> 00:28:47.240
If I log in through the library, I can access

428
00:28:47.759 --> 00:28:51.200
the WOW like if I had a subscription, it has

429
00:28:51.200 --> 00:28:53.519
a bunch of magazines. But I've never like you should

430
00:28:53.519 --> 00:28:57.480
look into see newspapers because it comes in handy. So

431
00:28:57.920 --> 00:29:00.880
Victor Ochoa was seven years old when a stranger in

432
00:29:00.960 --> 00:29:03.119
a wide brimmed hat came to his house and told

433
00:29:03.160 --> 00:29:05.400
his parents they had three days to leave the US.

434
00:29:05.880 --> 00:29:09.200
How old does he he was? Seven? Oh, my gosh, okay.

435
00:29:09.920 --> 00:29:13.240
The man had a pistol underneath his trench coat, and

436
00:29:13.359 --> 00:29:16.599
he warned that federal immigration authorities would be back to

437
00:29:16.680 --> 00:29:19.880
make sure that they were gone. So that night he

438
00:29:20.119 --> 00:29:24.680
remembers hearing his mother's whales echoing through their whole house

439
00:29:24.799 --> 00:29:27.359
while they had to leave or make plans to leave

440
00:29:27.559 --> 00:29:31.240
La East La and return to Mexico. He was born

441
00:29:31.279 --> 00:29:35.160
in the US. He remembers that day in nineteen fifty five,

442
00:29:35.400 --> 00:29:38.640
like still seventy years later. This was published in September

443
00:29:38.720 --> 00:29:42.480
and of September, So seventy years later, he still remembers

444
00:29:42.559 --> 00:29:44.519
the details of the day they had to leave, and

445
00:29:44.640 --> 00:29:48.200
the twelve times that followed. His parents had arrived illegally

446
00:29:48.680 --> 00:29:53.359
a decade before he was born. Oh my god, sorry,

447
00:29:53.400 --> 00:29:55.359
a decade before that day they were deported. So ten

448
00:29:55.480 --> 00:29:58.200
years they had been in the country. They worked in factories,

449
00:29:58.359 --> 00:30:03.079
they drove trucks, they cleaned. How they raised him and

450
00:30:03.319 --> 00:30:07.720
his sister to speak only English. I know, I know,

451
00:30:07.799 --> 00:30:10.720
those are the times, but that does not you know,

452
00:30:10.960 --> 00:30:14.240
like assimilation, It just it never works, you know. Yeah,

453
00:30:14.279 --> 00:30:16.759
and now they're being deported and at least he was seven,

454
00:30:16.920 --> 00:30:19.160
so you know, being deported back at that age, he

455
00:30:19.279 --> 00:30:23.559
could pick up the language quicker back in Mexico, but yeah,

456
00:30:23.640 --> 00:30:25.839
he didn't speak Spanish, and now he's forced to go

457
00:30:25.960 --> 00:30:29.480
back to the country that he didn't know the language of. Yeah,

458
00:30:29.799 --> 00:30:33.720
because his parents arrived here and wanted him to assimilate.

459
00:30:34.039 --> 00:30:36.519
And also, you know, this is the time when students

460
00:30:36.559 --> 00:30:42.640
were being hit for speaking Spanish. So she had before,

461
00:30:42.759 --> 00:30:45.519
you know, when the children were little, she their mom

462
00:30:45.599 --> 00:30:47.799
had always told them to try and hide their Mexican

463
00:30:47.839 --> 00:30:51.519
identity in case of like deportation, because they were lighter

464
00:30:51.559 --> 00:30:55.160
skinned Mexicans. So she would tell them to say they

465
00:30:55.200 --> 00:30:57.559
were from Russia to see if that like saved them.

466
00:30:58.480 --> 00:31:01.039
And he remembers his mom being worried all the time,

467
00:31:01.519 --> 00:31:04.400
and he said, I think it made her sick. And

468
00:31:04.680 --> 00:31:09.279
as a boy, he decided he wouldn't let these type

469
00:31:09.359 --> 00:31:13.000
like immigration worry and let fear take over his life.

470
00:31:13.559 --> 00:31:16.519
But now, and this is from the article, these days,

471
00:31:16.599 --> 00:31:19.519
with the threat of another Massy pretation looming, he worries

472
00:31:19.559 --> 00:31:21.920
more than ever about his family and many others who

473
00:31:21.960 --> 00:31:27.599
might be jeopardized. When was he interviewed or oh September, Oh,

474
00:31:27.759 --> 00:31:31.000
this is year. Oh my god, he said, I'm kind

475
00:31:31.039 --> 00:31:34.640
of becoming like my mom. Oh. And then he said,

476
00:31:34.880 --> 00:31:37.920
last year, at a family reunion, he learned for the

477
00:31:38.039 --> 00:31:42.119
first time that some of his relatives here in the

478
00:31:42.279 --> 00:31:48.519
US were Trump supporters. Dude, so he joined the club. Yeah,

479
00:31:48.640 --> 00:31:51.359
he was at a family reunion, right like a party,

480
00:31:51.440 --> 00:31:55.920
and he brought out his binder of art that advocated

481
00:31:56.000 --> 00:32:00.480
for migrants. Because also he has done me girls at

482
00:32:00.559 --> 00:32:04.599
Chicano Park. No way, I probably saw some of them. Yeah,

483
00:32:04.640 --> 00:32:07.920
I forgot what year, nineteen ninety nine or something like that.

484
00:32:08.000 --> 00:32:09.960
He moved back to the US and he went to

485
00:32:10.039 --> 00:32:13.440
San Diego, and yeah, he has done work at Chicano Park,

486
00:32:13.720 --> 00:32:16.519
and so he was showing his family members this art

487
00:32:16.759 --> 00:32:20.480
that advocates for migrants, and some of his family younger

488
00:32:20.559 --> 00:32:24.920
family members scoffed at his art. Oh, said supporters, And

489
00:32:25.039 --> 00:32:28.480
he was like, what a bunch of assholes? What? And

490
00:32:28.599 --> 00:32:33.119
they excuse me? Yeah, you said, I through. Yeah, do

491
00:32:33.319 --> 00:32:38.160
they like? Do they do? They right? Like? My god?

492
00:32:38.240 --> 00:32:43.880
He was an American citizen deported back to Mexico, and

493
00:32:44.279 --> 00:32:47.039
they told him that they supported Trump because he would

494
00:32:47.079 --> 00:32:50.519
do more to lower their Texas If I hear that again,

495
00:32:50.680 --> 00:32:54.160
also one more time, like you don't even you're not

496
00:32:54.200 --> 00:32:57.039
even under you know, you don't make enough money to

497
00:32:57.119 --> 00:33:02.039
worry about this. Come on. Yeah, and he said the following,

498
00:33:02.160 --> 00:33:04.880
I can't believe that these are second generation Mexicans siding

499
00:33:04.960 --> 00:33:08.119
with Trump. Yeah, if it's happening with my family, I'm

500
00:33:08.119 --> 00:33:11.000
sure it's happening all over. Mm hmm. You see, Senor,

501
00:33:11.559 --> 00:33:16.640
it is and it's depressing. But like he literally went

502
00:33:16.680 --> 00:33:20.599
through deportation and these people to his face, his own family,

503
00:33:20.680 --> 00:33:23.559
to his face, Yeah, said this to him. I was floored,

504
00:33:23.599 --> 00:33:25.599
and that's why I wanted to include it. Wow. This

505
00:33:25.759 --> 00:33:28.880
is another account. In the spring of nineteen fifty four,

506
00:33:29.200 --> 00:33:32.599
alro Ra Sandoval was home with six of her children

507
00:33:32.839 --> 00:33:36.880
in southern Texas when authorities knocked on her door. They

508
00:33:36.960 --> 00:33:39.079
asked for proof that she had permission to live in

509
00:33:39.119 --> 00:33:42.839
the US. She was actually married to an American, but

510
00:33:42.960 --> 00:33:46.559
she hadn't filed like paperwork to gain permanent residency. And

511
00:33:46.559 --> 00:33:48.240
I think it's just one of one of those things

512
00:33:48.279 --> 00:33:51.880
you're like, i'll do leader, I'll do leaders. Yeah, So

513
00:33:52.039 --> 00:33:55.079
officers took her into custody and let her bring the

514
00:33:55.200 --> 00:33:59.920
youngest child because that baby was being breastfed the old

515
00:34:00.079 --> 00:34:02.480
This eight year old was left on her own to

516
00:34:02.680 --> 00:34:05.359
watch the rest of the kids until their dad returned home.

517
00:34:05.559 --> 00:34:08.599
There was no way of notifying, oh my god, the husband.

518
00:34:10.360 --> 00:34:13.760
And her husband was a farmhand who worked alongside Mexican migrants,

519
00:34:13.800 --> 00:34:18.440
but again he was American. Days after the whole family

520
00:34:18.599 --> 00:34:22.400
left to Tijuana to like go and find her and

521
00:34:22.519 --> 00:34:27.199
be reunited with her. And over the several next several years,

522
00:34:28.159 --> 00:34:31.800
one of the kids remembers what's his name, Jack Sanchez.

523
00:34:32.639 --> 00:34:36.360
He remembers struggling with being in a new country and

524
00:34:36.440 --> 00:34:39.800
a new language. He was bullied and called gringo because

525
00:34:39.800 --> 00:34:42.199
he didn't, of course he was what happens, It is

526
00:34:42.239 --> 00:34:46.400
what happens, Like yeah he was, he would be bullied

527
00:34:46.440 --> 00:34:50.440
and call the some racist slurter, and then over there

528
00:34:50.480 --> 00:34:53.360
it has gone American. Yeah, and that's why sometimes I

529
00:34:53.440 --> 00:34:56.320
would not Now I think now I'm like a little

530
00:34:56.360 --> 00:34:59.440
more okay with this kind of belief. But like a

531
00:34:59.440 --> 00:35:02.239
few years ago, I hated like the Nevakini that, yeah,

532
00:35:02.239 --> 00:35:04.239
I'm like this is so dumb, Like I think for me,

533
00:35:04.840 --> 00:35:07.599
it's true, it just overused, Like yeah, at this point,

534
00:35:07.679 --> 00:35:09.920
it's like I don't think it should be a relation

535
00:35:10.239 --> 00:35:15.480
revelation to anyone, like yeah, you know, like it's not Yeah,

536
00:35:15.639 --> 00:35:18.880
you should already know this. Yeah, yeah, you know what

537
00:35:19.039 --> 00:35:22.320
I know. Okay, when TikTok, when I started getting on TikTok,

538
00:35:22.559 --> 00:35:25.280
I see videos of like these emotional videos with like

539
00:35:25.760 --> 00:35:27.719
an image and then a quote saying like oh my god,

540
00:35:27.760 --> 00:35:30.320
I've realized like I'm not from here order And it's

541
00:35:30.320 --> 00:35:32.559
like you're you're realizing that now, how old are you?

542
00:35:32.679 --> 00:35:34.559
And it's like I'm thirty year old. On TikTok, I'm like,

543
00:35:34.599 --> 00:35:36.800
come on, yeah, you should realize this when you watch

544
00:35:36.920 --> 00:35:39.840
Selena the movie, But even before that, you should have

545
00:35:39.920 --> 00:35:43.239
realized it on your first trip to Mexico. Yeah yeah,

546
00:35:43.760 --> 00:35:46.119
or the first party when your theos make fun of

547
00:35:46.199 --> 00:35:51.679
you for never for something yeah something. Yeah. So anyway, yeah,

548
00:35:51.719 --> 00:35:54.400
he was called gettingo a local children made fun of

549
00:35:54.440 --> 00:35:58.000
his broken Spanish. The tapwater made him sick for months

550
00:35:58.280 --> 00:36:02.079
because he wasn't used to it. He actually returned at

551
00:36:02.280 --> 00:36:05.519
fourteen in the US with other families because he was

552
00:36:05.599 --> 00:36:11.360
born yeah, you know, but and also he's actually he

553
00:36:11.440 --> 00:36:13.679
grew up to be an immigration attorney, attorney and learned

554
00:36:13.760 --> 00:36:20.280
that I can't say that attorney. Yeah, but like it's difficult,

555
00:36:20.519 --> 00:36:27.039
like it's you're splitting up families, extended families, sometimes immediate families.

556
00:36:27.559 --> 00:36:31.119
But also these children that like there lie their lives

557
00:36:31.159 --> 00:36:34.880
are being uprooted because of the year that this all

558
00:36:34.960 --> 00:36:39.400
happened in they were forced one way or another to

559
00:36:39.559 --> 00:36:42.719
not learn Spanish and now they're back in Mexico where

560
00:36:42.800 --> 00:36:45.960
they don't know. You know, it's it's fucked up. And

561
00:36:46.079 --> 00:36:52.280
now you have literal children of immigrants or immigrants themselves

562
00:36:53.519 --> 00:37:00.039
advocating for Trump. Yeah, it's ridiculous, honestly, absolutely so. So

563
00:37:00.519 --> 00:37:06.440
overall the official number was like a million quote unquote returns,

564
00:37:06.559 --> 00:37:09.840
so deportations. Although this a lot of people returned and

565
00:37:09.920 --> 00:37:13.400
were deported again, so those were counted again. And also

566
00:37:13.559 --> 00:37:16.559
all the people that fled on their own were counted

567
00:37:16.599 --> 00:37:20.280
in this number. But again this number is probably exaggerated,

568
00:37:20.480 --> 00:37:24.199
and like really it was probably half of that, but

569
00:37:24.320 --> 00:37:28.320
it's still a lot, right. The total number of sweeps

570
00:37:28.559 --> 00:37:31.519
fell through the years until like it just very like

571
00:37:31.719 --> 00:37:36.320
much declined in nineteen sixty two. And then despite the

572
00:37:36.400 --> 00:37:40.400
decline in like, the numbers of people being deported a

573
00:37:40.480 --> 00:37:44.400
board patrol doubled find nineteen sixty two. Now they're like

574
00:37:44.440 --> 00:37:48.599
a whole army, right, yeah. And also in nineteen sixty

575
00:37:48.639 --> 00:37:52.320
two they were given an additional plane to use, and

576
00:37:53.880 --> 00:37:55.960
around this time, like funding for the program began to

577
00:37:56.039 --> 00:37:58.519
rn dry. It cost more money to do all this

578
00:37:58.719 --> 00:38:02.199
than to just leave the Mexican here. Side note of course,

579
00:38:02.480 --> 00:38:06.239
y I, but the government called Operation went Back a

580
00:38:06.320 --> 00:38:08.599
success instead of the border had been secured. But we

581
00:38:08.639 --> 00:38:12.440
all know that it wasn't because our parents are here, right.

582
00:38:13.920 --> 00:38:16.760
Immigration didn't stop, and it has not supped, and it won't.

583
00:38:17.440 --> 00:38:19.360
And you know what, I saw a tweet the other

584
00:38:19.480 --> 00:38:21.920
day that was like, yeah, I'm pro immigrant, let them

585
00:38:21.960 --> 00:38:23.599
all in. I don't give a fuck or something, and

586
00:38:23.679 --> 00:38:26.639
it's like me, yeah, let them all in. Same. Close

587
00:38:26.679 --> 00:38:34.239
the border, shut down, oh sorry, open the border, destroy

588
00:38:34.320 --> 00:38:36.280
the border so that there's no more border. That's what

589
00:38:36.360 --> 00:38:41.400
I meant. Yes, not close it close in the sense of,

590
00:38:41.559 --> 00:38:44.400
like stop militarizing it and just let everyone in. That's

591
00:38:44.400 --> 00:38:49.480
what's right, right, right. People used to go back and forth,

592
00:38:49.639 --> 00:38:53.159
you know. Oh yeah, I mean our grandpa made a

593
00:38:53.280 --> 00:38:57.119
trip here, our grandma made a trip. Yeah, it went

594
00:38:57.239 --> 00:39:03.920
back yep. So yeah, as we know, immigrations did not stop.

595
00:39:04.079 --> 00:39:08.000
So and was it really a success? No? No, no.

596
00:39:11.960 --> 00:39:16.280
In two thousand and six, congressional representatives in La Soliz

597
00:39:16.320 --> 00:39:19.920
and Luis Gutierres introduced a bill calling for a commission

598
00:39:20.000 --> 00:39:27.119
to study the Mexican reprayteation Oh my god, patriation. Yes,

599
00:39:27.199 --> 00:39:32.159
thank you, yeah, and called for an apology, and the

600
00:39:32.239 --> 00:39:36.760
state of California did apologize for passing the or Sorry.

601
00:39:36.800 --> 00:39:39.400
They apologized in two thousand and five by passing the

602
00:39:39.480 --> 00:39:43.920
Apology Act for the nineteen thirties Mexican Repra Creation Program,

603
00:39:44.679 --> 00:39:49.639
which officially recognized the unconstitutional removal and coerce immigration of

604
00:39:49.800 --> 00:39:53.280
United States citizens and legal residents of Mexican descent, and

605
00:39:53.400 --> 00:39:57.440
they apologized to residents of California for the fundamental violations

606
00:39:57.480 --> 00:40:00.320
of their basic civil liberties and constitutional rights Committe during

607
00:40:00.360 --> 00:40:04.800
the period of a legal depersation and coerce immigration official words,

608
00:40:05.880 --> 00:40:08.679
but no reparations were ever given to the victims. Was good.

609
00:40:09.719 --> 00:40:13.000
The La County also showed an apology in twenty twelve

610
00:40:13.480 --> 00:40:16.239
and they installed the memorial at the site of one

611
00:40:16.280 --> 00:40:19.280
of the first citi's immigration raids, which we have covered,

612
00:40:19.400 --> 00:40:24.840
the Placita Olvera raid. And I saw the memorial. It's beautiful,

613
00:40:25.440 --> 00:40:27.760
Mammy and I sat there reading the names and cried

614
00:40:28.719 --> 00:40:30.800
while my children tried to run off and they ruined

615
00:40:30.800 --> 00:40:33.280
that moment because they had to go chase them. Of course. Yeah,

616
00:40:33.360 --> 00:40:36.519
he came crying like you wanted to. No, we couldn't

617
00:40:36.559 --> 00:40:40.119
have the emotional, real emotional reaction to be in there.

618
00:40:40.199 --> 00:40:42.960
But it is a yeah. You get a type of

619
00:40:43.000 --> 00:40:46.679
feeling there, like we should go again. It's in front

620
00:40:46.719 --> 00:40:49.440
of the Union station, right, I think there was a

621
00:40:49.519 --> 00:40:51.039
train around there. It was in front of a church.

622
00:40:52.039 --> 00:40:56.679
Oh yeah, yes, yeah, there was the station and a

623
00:40:56.800 --> 00:41:00.280
train and then the whole yeah street, and then you

624
00:41:00.400 --> 00:41:04.159
walk through Pera you turn and then that's where the

625
00:41:04.280 --> 00:41:07.960
church and the memorial are at. I was there last

626
00:41:08.119 --> 00:41:12.760
year for Bestami Mucho. We took the shuttle from Union

627
00:41:12.800 --> 00:41:15.960
Station to the Dodger Stadium, but you know, we were

628
00:41:16.000 --> 00:41:17.480
in the rush and you're like trying to get there,

629
00:41:17.519 --> 00:41:19.280
and so I didn't get to like see it. But

630
00:41:19.440 --> 00:41:21.239
another one of our friends was talking about it and

631
00:41:21.280 --> 00:41:22.639
she's like, oh, yeah, my mom, I don't know who

632
00:41:22.719 --> 00:41:23.880
took us there. And I was like, what the hell

633
00:41:23.960 --> 00:41:25.519
is this? It's like not even cool. And I was like,

634
00:41:25.559 --> 00:41:30.440
shut I loved it. We were walking through it, we

635
00:41:30.519 --> 00:41:32.440
were like, the only thing is that we thought it

636
00:41:32.559 --> 00:41:35.199
was bigger. Yeah, but it is a small actually, I

637
00:41:35.199 --> 00:41:36.599
think that's what she was saying. She was like, it's

638
00:41:36.639 --> 00:41:39.519
smaller than I thought. Yeah, that's what Mammy said too,

639
00:41:39.599 --> 00:41:41.320
and I did. I was like, you're right, I did

640
00:41:41.440 --> 00:41:46.039
think it was bigger too, but it is. It's cute. Unfortunately,

641
00:41:46.119 --> 00:41:48.000
there's a lot of like you know, businesses that are

642
00:41:48.079 --> 00:41:51.199
like not open, yeah, because it's so expensive. And we

643
00:41:51.400 --> 00:41:55.480
talked about it in the episode. Yeah, but the memorial

644
00:41:55.599 --> 00:42:01.039
it's a for sure worth trip to look at. But yeah,

645
00:42:01.159 --> 00:42:05.840
and then there's still no apology for Operation Wetback. As

646
00:42:05.880 --> 00:42:07.840
far as I know, I couldn't find one for any

647
00:42:07.840 --> 00:42:12.360
information on it. Also, the Mexican reprey. Why can't I

648
00:42:12.400 --> 00:42:13.920
say this word? I don't know what's wrong with you?

649
00:42:14.079 --> 00:42:20.719
Right now? Patriation Act and Operation Wetback are hardly taught

650
00:42:20.800 --> 00:42:23.400
in US schools today. I know I didn't learn the

651
00:42:23.480 --> 00:42:26.239
only reason I learned about the Repatriation Act. First of all,

652
00:42:26.280 --> 00:42:29.159
we after what third grade, we went to charge the schools,

653
00:42:29.639 --> 00:42:32.599
and I want to say, I can't remember what grade

654
00:42:32.639 --> 00:42:35.960
I was in that they had Exponanta Rising and I

655
00:42:36.079 --> 00:42:38.400
read it and that's when I learned about the Repatriation Act.

656
00:42:38.440 --> 00:42:40.239
I think it was the eighth grade. Oh, I thought

657
00:42:40.239 --> 00:42:42.920
it was sooner than that. Well anyway, our school, no,

658
00:42:43.159 --> 00:42:46.000
my bad, sixth grade. Oh, I don't know. The fifth

659
00:42:46.039 --> 00:42:50.039
grade maybe, but I feel like our schools were kind

660
00:42:50.079 --> 00:42:52.760
of more like they taught more. It was fifth grade

661
00:42:52.760 --> 00:42:55.159
because it was Dolserta. Oh really we were there. I

662
00:42:55.199 --> 00:42:57.199
don't even remember where we were. I just I read

663
00:42:57.239 --> 00:43:00.719
the book in Jefferson, for sure. But that's when I

664
00:43:00.840 --> 00:43:05.440
learned about that, and never about Operation what Yeah. Yeah,

665
00:43:05.880 --> 00:43:09.039
And it's something so prevalent right now, it really is.

666
00:43:09.840 --> 00:43:12.480
And that's literally what Asperanza Rising. I think we talked.

667
00:43:12.519 --> 00:43:14.519
What episode did we talk about it in? Well Wes

668
00:43:15.519 --> 00:43:20.679
the Repatriation Act in the episode. Also there was another

669
00:43:20.719 --> 00:43:26.480
episode we did sort of about that. Yeah, oh the school, yes,

670
00:43:27.039 --> 00:43:30.079
discrimination once because it was around that same time, and

671
00:43:30.159 --> 00:43:33.800
that's why they were being discriminated against and being sent

672
00:43:33.920 --> 00:43:37.880
to segregated schools was during this time also, Yes, So

673
00:43:38.000 --> 00:43:40.599
we talked about it then. And I feel like you're

674
00:43:40.599 --> 00:43:43.000
gonna see something else. Oh, I was gonna say, and

675
00:43:43.079 --> 00:43:45.239
we said it already in one of those episodes. But

676
00:43:45.960 --> 00:43:49.039
that's what Experanza Rising is about, and that she ends

677
00:43:49.119 --> 00:43:51.840
up back in you know, they lose everything they go,

678
00:43:52.079 --> 00:43:55.320
they end up deported during the Great Depression, right yeah, yeah, yeah,

679
00:43:55.599 --> 00:43:57.800
and so they used to be rich and now she's

680
00:43:57.840 --> 00:44:00.440
poor and they'll make fun of her in Mexico. Yeah.

681
00:44:02.119 --> 00:44:05.519
And yeah, it's a good book. It really does. So,

682
00:44:05.800 --> 00:44:09.199
I mean I still I still remember it now from then. Yeah,

683
00:44:09.280 --> 00:44:11.480
and this is the only other ones I remember is

684
00:44:11.559 --> 00:44:15.800
the box car series, Goosebumps of course, and the Series

685
00:44:15.840 --> 00:44:19.239
of Unfortunate Events and Harry Potter. I feel like I

686
00:44:19.320 --> 00:44:21.400
read that a little bit later though, but yeah, oh,

687
00:44:22.199 --> 00:44:23.880
were you not reading them when I was reading them?

688
00:44:23.960 --> 00:44:27.360
Or what? Uh? My great teacher gave me the reason.

689
00:44:27.480 --> 00:44:29.960
I feel like I associated with the little olders because

690
00:44:29.960 --> 00:44:34.039
I didn't finish the series till later. We were older

691
00:44:34.079 --> 00:44:36.480
when when the last one came out, we were seniors

692
00:44:36.599 --> 00:44:43.039
or juniors. I don't think so, I don't know me neither. Anyway,

693
00:44:43.239 --> 00:44:45.719
it does that matters, None of that matters. The point

694
00:44:45.760 --> 00:44:48.000
of this is that it's not taught in school still,

695
00:44:48.800 --> 00:44:51.559
and this is why people are dumb. No, no, just kidding,

696
00:44:51.760 --> 00:44:54.719
but yeah, purposely, I feel like it's purposely omitted in

697
00:44:54.800 --> 00:44:57.400
the sense that in the sense no, but in the

698
00:44:57.480 --> 00:45:02.320
sense that no. But really, if it is taught in

699
00:45:02.400 --> 00:45:07.400
high school, there's four like paragraphs dedicated to both. And

700
00:45:07.519 --> 00:45:11.039
sometimes it's just a Mexican Repatriation Act and not even

701
00:45:11.079 --> 00:45:15.159
Operation Wetback. Yeah, but they don't. There's a reason why, Like,

702
00:45:15.559 --> 00:45:19.079
you know, let's say Arizona for a while, I don't

703
00:45:19.079 --> 00:45:21.440
remember how long ago, but they had they were trying

704
00:45:21.480 --> 00:45:26.400
to make it take out Mexican Mexican American studies out

705
00:45:26.519 --> 00:45:31.320
of high school education. And I mean all of that

706
00:45:31.559 --> 00:45:34.000
is for a reason that they don't want people to

707
00:45:34.119 --> 00:45:38.639
learn their history. And people walked out of schools, people

708
00:45:38.800 --> 00:45:43.239
processed it protested in high numbers to learn Mexican American

709
00:45:43.320 --> 00:45:47.360
studies because like it or not, how many Mexican American

710
00:45:47.440 --> 00:45:51.239
students are there? And say in the most obviously areywhere,

711
00:45:51.280 --> 00:45:55.320
but in the most populated states like California, Arizona, Texas,

712
00:45:55.639 --> 00:45:57.760
like we need to these things need to be taught.

713
00:45:58.440 --> 00:46:02.119
Maybe if these students learned, maybe if the family members

714
00:46:02.280 --> 00:46:05.000
of the person I mentioned his story about being supported

715
00:46:05.119 --> 00:46:08.199
during Operation Wetback, maybe if they had learned about how

716
00:46:08.320 --> 00:46:11.599
horrible it was and how many Mexicans died in the desert, right,

717
00:46:12.280 --> 00:46:14.840
maybe they wouldn't support Trump today, right, And how can

718
00:46:15.199 --> 00:46:17.920
how can you be so, I don't know, evil to

719
00:46:18.079 --> 00:46:23.000
praise something that killed eighty something people, almost ninety people

720
00:46:23.800 --> 00:46:28.239
plus parts many families summer right right? Yeah, So it's

721
00:46:28.360 --> 00:46:35.199
like anybody who uh supports that, and then anyone who

722
00:46:35.320 --> 00:46:39.840
supports a kind of person that supports that, like, I

723
00:46:39.880 --> 00:46:47.679
don't know, there's something wrong with y'all. Yeah, yeah, I'm yeah,

724
00:46:47.960 --> 00:46:49.960
that's and that's why I wanted to like talk about

725
00:46:50.000 --> 00:46:52.679
this today now because of my Yeah, this is this

726
00:46:52.719 --> 00:46:56.440
shit is making headlines again. It's gonna he's going to

727
00:46:56.519 --> 00:47:03.800
be a president next starting next year, yeah, so, and

728
00:47:03.880 --> 00:47:08.599
it's important. This is like, this is not opinionated, like

729
00:47:08.920 --> 00:47:10.519
so you know, obviously some of the things we said

730
00:47:11.199 --> 00:47:15.239
were like our opinion was certain, this happened. This, Yes,

731
00:47:15.400 --> 00:47:18.840
this happened as many people were supported, including citizens. People died,

732
00:47:19.480 --> 00:47:23.039
so yeah, it is real, it happened. So just to

733
00:47:23.079 --> 00:47:26.519
add that on. But yeah, that is the the end

734
00:47:26.599 --> 00:47:30.599
of the episode. All right, we need final thoughts about this? No,

735
00:47:30.719 --> 00:47:34.000
I think I shared everything throughout you didn't, okay, yeah,

736
00:47:34.239 --> 00:47:38.719
do you have an anything thoughts? No? I just wanted

737
00:47:38.719 --> 00:47:42.800
to think every one who has interacted with our social media.

738
00:47:43.360 --> 00:47:46.760
We got a few comments on a few of our posts. Yes,

739
00:47:46.960 --> 00:47:52.000
that's always fun, and then our Patreon shoutouts. Should we

740
00:47:52.079 --> 00:47:55.400
do those now? Yeah? Yeah, we just recorded our second

741
00:47:55.440 --> 00:48:00.280
Patreon got our episode where we talked about the instead

742
00:48:00.280 --> 00:48:06.280
are sadly still relevant just like today. Yeah, we talked

743
00:48:06.320 --> 00:48:12.320
about the quote unquote Latino vote. If anyone wants to

744
00:48:12.480 --> 00:48:14.960
give the Patreon membership to someone that you think would

745
00:48:15.039 --> 00:48:17.719
like like the Patreon, that would be fun or you know,

746
00:48:17.840 --> 00:48:20.280
support the podcast, but like can't you can give like

747
00:48:20.400 --> 00:48:24.400
a month or two if you want whatever. Also, if

748
00:48:24.519 --> 00:48:29.760
you are thinking about joining Patreon, I mean you have

749
00:48:30.400 --> 00:48:32.599
an iPhone. Oh my god, I canna talk an iPhone.

750
00:48:34.280 --> 00:48:37.360
Don't do it through the Apple Store because they charge more.

751
00:48:38.320 --> 00:48:41.280
Just go to the website. Use like you're in your

752
00:48:41.320 --> 00:48:44.559
phone browser and go to patreon dot com. Don't use

753
00:48:44.880 --> 00:48:46.400
your like what is it the Apple Store? Is that

754
00:48:46.400 --> 00:48:52.000
what it's called? I don't know when you get sorry,

755
00:48:52.079 --> 00:48:54.800
I'm trying to log on. Oh okay, I think I

756
00:48:54.920 --> 00:48:59.400
logged on. Oh cool, Okay, thank you to our Patreon

757
00:48:59.639 --> 00:49:11.519
member Mariah, Michelle, Chatta and JG and Doesrey. Yes, thank

758
00:49:11.599 --> 00:49:15.000
you so much. And yeah, that's it for this episode.

759
00:49:16.880 --> 00:49:18.320
I feel it was in the season, but maybe not.

760
00:49:19.000 --> 00:49:23.639
Were you gonna say anything else? No? I guess not. Okay, okay,

761
00:49:24.400 --> 00:49:26.840
I still have the sends stickers out to I've only

762
00:49:26.880 --> 00:49:32.400
sent one to Chatta. I think so well. But yeah,

763
00:49:33.639 --> 00:49:37.599
we hope that this was one less Estonia Unknown. Thanks

764
00:49:37.639 --> 00:49:40.679
for listening. No, that's the other way around. Hey, we're

765
00:49:40.800 --> 00:49:45.239
ranking very well in Norway. That's surprising. Where'd you see that?

766
00:49:45.360 --> 00:49:49.920
An email? What the hell? Yeah? It says hello, how's

767
00:49:49.960 --> 00:49:52.000
it going? Hope all as well? I hope I have

768
00:49:52.119 --> 00:49:54.800
some cool information that might interest you. Your podcast he

769
00:49:54.840 --> 00:49:58.400
studies Unknown has good performance in Apple podcast rankings in

770
00:49:58.760 --> 00:50:00.840
Norway and it says the worse sixty four in the

771
00:50:00.880 --> 00:50:04.920
category of history in Norway. Who is listening in Norway? Also,

772
00:50:05.000 --> 00:50:08.760
someone I'm from podstatus I don't know today is that

773
00:50:08.840 --> 00:50:13.119
data's provided by podstatus dot com. Oh and Poland we're

774
00:50:13.159 --> 00:50:19.000
two forty and Angola we're on seventy seven. Where is Angola? Okay,

775
00:50:19.079 --> 00:50:27.119
I knew it. It's in Africa. Oh, good job knowing things. Damn. Oh,

776
00:50:27.199 --> 00:50:29.440
I was gonna say before we go. If you want

777
00:50:29.480 --> 00:50:31.800
to keep up with the podcast, like if we miss

778
00:50:31.920 --> 00:50:34.519
an episode, we will update it on Instagram. We're not

779
00:50:34.639 --> 00:50:36.679
on Twitter. We have a Twitter account that I used

780
00:50:36.679 --> 00:50:38.920
to use, but since Elan took over, I hardly use

781
00:50:38.960 --> 00:50:42.840
it and I'm not logging in anymore now. Oh on Twitter? Yeah,

782
00:50:43.719 --> 00:50:45.800
Instagram is the best place to keep up with the podcast,

783
00:50:45.920 --> 00:50:49.119
like uh oh today we're not We're not really seeing

784
00:50:49.119 --> 00:50:51.519
an episode because blah blah blah. That is where you

785
00:50:51.599 --> 00:50:54.840
find that information. Also, just pictures of what we talk

786
00:50:54.880 --> 00:50:58.840
about are on Instagram. We also use threads quite a bit.

787
00:50:58.920 --> 00:51:01.719
Shout out to anyone who found to threads because some

788
00:51:01.920 --> 00:51:04.480
posts have been going mini viral, Like you know, two

789
00:51:04.599 --> 00:51:07.880
hundred three hundred likes. Pretty cool. Yeah, Threads has been

790
00:51:07.960 --> 00:51:11.679
fun for estorias unknown spokitos sometimes, but I'd like to

791
00:51:11.760 --> 00:51:14.559
use better for EE story as unknown. I'm considering making

792
00:51:14.599 --> 00:51:16.280
a Blue Sky, but I'm like, no, I'm doing too much,

793
00:51:16.480 --> 00:51:19.760
you are, I get obsessed too much to keep track

794
00:51:19.840 --> 00:51:22.000
of I might yeah, so I might not make one.

795
00:51:22.079 --> 00:51:25.480
Then I guess, yeah, you're right, so yeah, just Instagram

796
00:51:26.360 --> 00:51:29.760
and then I do make videos about the things we

797
00:51:29.840 --> 00:51:33.679
talk about on Esterias known on TikTok for yes, spookyel sticktalk,

798
00:51:33.719 --> 00:51:35.880
because I'm not making anyone it is too much. Yeah,

799
00:51:36.199 --> 00:51:40.679
so yeah, that's where you can keeping keep up with us. Basically,

800
00:51:40.840 --> 00:51:44.960
so what I'm what you're say saying, Yeah, yeah, okay,

801
00:51:45.039 --> 00:51:48.239
and other than that, this is the now we're done.

802
00:51:48.639 --> 00:51:51.559
Now we're done. So yeah, thanks for listening, and we

803
00:51:51.639 --> 00:51:56.719
hope that this is one less historiaunknown for you. Yes,

804
00:51:57.480 --> 00:52:01.039
my and