Dec. 12, 2024

Monsanto and Argentina

Monsanto and Argentina

Monsanto started as a chemical company founded 1901. Later, the company became a major producer of genetically engineered crops. 

In part two of this series, Cristina shares some of the devastating effects Monsanto and roundup have had on Argentina,...

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Monsanto started as a chemical company founded 1901. Later, the company became a major producer of genetically engineered crops.

In part two of this series, Cristina shares some of the devastating effects Monsanto and roundup have had on Argentina, as well as the stories of those fighting back against Monsanto.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free to email Historiasunknownpodcast@gmail.com or use the contact us form on the website https://www.historiasunknown.com/contact/

Want ad free episodes? And the ocassioal bonus episode? Support Historias Unknown on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/HistoriasUnknownPodcast

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Music Credit: Hustlin (Instrumental) by Neffex

Sources:

https://grist.org/industrial-agriculture/the-mother-who-stood-up-to-monsanto-in-argentina/
https://creativetimereports.org/2013/05/20/monsanto-protest-argentina-rhythms-of-resistance-in-soybeanland/
https://www.motherjones.com/food/2013/10/argentina-cancer-cluster-pesticide/
https://apnews.com/general-news-b7a53b00bbbe4afa985ce34b68e83b16
https://theecologist.org/2016/jan/29/no-pasaran-after-two-years-argentinas-monsanto-blockade-fighting
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/160223-photograph-aixa-argentina-avia-terai-pesticides-glyphosate
https://www.pennlive.com/midstate/2013/10/monsanto_calls_glyphosate_weed.html
https://realfoodmedia.org/the-death-of-fabian-tomasi/
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/argentines-link-health-problems-to-agrochemicals/
https://theecologist.org/2014/aug/24/cancer-deaths-double-argentinas-gmo-agribusiness-areas
https://gmwatch.org/en/news/archive/2014/15506-cancer-deaths-double-where-gm-crops-and-agro-chemicals-used

WEBVTT

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Hi, everyone. This is Carmen and Christina and this is

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Historia's Unknown, a podcast where we talk about Latin American history.

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Sometimes it's horrible and deals with heavy topics like racism, corruption,

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and genocide. But more than that, it's also about resistance,

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power and community. And this is more horrible things. Oh no,

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we're continuing the journey of Monsanto. Last episode we did

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a brief overview into what Monsanto is, their history, history

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of the evil things they've done, only some of the

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things they've done, not all, of course, And this was

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going to be Monsanto and Latin America, but it's become

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more like Monsanto and Argentina. Interesting. Yeah, sometimes you start

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researching one thing and then you just kind of, yeah,

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you gotta narrow it down it. Remember in middle school

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when you were learning how to write essays, and they're like,

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you start at the top and then you would make

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like a funnel, narrow and narrow. Yeah. Yeah, Yeah, that's

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basically what happened today. We're just going to get right

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into it. Let's do it. In the last episode, I

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briefly mentioned round Up very briefly, and that's going to

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be a key player in today's episode because that was

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like a key thing and the mass destruction of oh America. Yeah,

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just like you know, the destroying the land and yeah,

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making people sick. So a little bit more about roundup.

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Round Up is the brand name of an herb side

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produced by Manzanto, which we said last episode, and then

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Mansanto was acquired by Bear in twenty eighteen, so now

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it's a product of Bear. Before twenty ten, it was

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mostly made up of glyphosate, and they panted this back

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in nineteen seventy. Some sources said ninety seventy three, other

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said nineteen seventy four, nineteen seventies. This is also when

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they began to mass produce it. And now the main

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ingredients are hard things to say. The basically a salt

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that is made of glaphosa, and then this other thing

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that I'm not going to try and pronounce. Okay, poea

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is what it the abbreviation of it, but maybe I

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should try no, no again, poly ethos dilated tallow a

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mean wow, whatever it was, it was amazing the when

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you said that, right. The patent expired in two thousand

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and since then it's been sold. A version of round

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Up has been sold by many companies. In hundreds of

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products or sorry, the glafosa itself also Monsanto. Monsanto made

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roundup right, But then they also produce seeds that grow

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into plants that are tolerant to round up, called round

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up ready crops. This seed was patented, which is like

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the first time that like a seed I think is patented,

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a genetically interindeered seed. This is another controversy that we

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just simply don't have time to get into. But basically,

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these round up ready crops or seeds would be sold

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to farmers or given sometimes like in the cases of

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a natural disaster, they would get to say, oh, look

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at us helping these pores by giving them these seeds.

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But then the controversy is that the farmers weren't allowed

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to save the seeds to like use to plant later.

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So because this is how you like save money when

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you're farming, Like you plant your seeds, but then you'll like,

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I don't know, save whatever and replant it, right, Yeah,

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And so with Monsanto, there's a contract that is signed

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where they are not allowed to do this, making them

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have to repurchase these seeds every single crop season, yeah,

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which is like now there's no get out of the hole.

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With mozzano. There's no it makes them dependent on Montana. Yes, yes,

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and this is all intentional. Took all the restraint in

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the world to not cut you off and say this

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first I saw you, I saw you trying. Yeah, like

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the mean I saw your face. Yeah, so thank you

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for letting me finish that to say then repeat it

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in a more succinct manner. That's what we do, so

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what we do. So that's one controversy which we simply

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don't have time to get into. But it's like it's

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fucked up in places like Haiti. These places become like yeah,

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dependent on mazanto, like you already said. Anyway, the other

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problem now is that these round of bready crops are

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also now becoming resistant to round up itself, causing farmers

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to dump even more pesticides on them, which then is like,

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now these are like super weeds. Yeah, they're like using

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you know, quadruple the amount of pesticides. Other problem again,

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this is just like problem out their problem. That's the

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word problem man. Another problem is that the pesticides are

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being spread in larger amounts, and these are largely cantoristic pesticides.

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They're terrible, terrible, and they are so terrible for everything,

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the environment, everything, the people, everyone, everything. Yeah. A two

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seventeen study found that Americans exposure to glyphosate grew by

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about five hundred percent since roundup ready GMO crops were

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introduced in the US in nineteen ninety six. Glyphosate is

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most widely used as an agricultural chemical, so the pesticide,

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and a two sixteen study found that in the US,

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no pesticide has come remotely close to such intensive and

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widespread use, meaning Glaphyza is the most widely used right

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and so in the US glavays a use has risen

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over three thousand percent since rounder bready crops were introduced

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in the in nineteen ninety six. Most GMO crops in

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the US, including more than ninety percent of corn and soy,

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are generally engineered to tolerate glefasate, and one point eight

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million tons of clevas was used from nineteen seventy four

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two twenty fourteen, and this is the US alone. Worldwide,

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nine point five million tons of chemicals have been sprayed

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on fields, and this is enough to spray nearly half

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a pound of roundup on every cultivated acre in the world.

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A lot. Yeah. And like I said in part one,

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when Beyer bought out Monsanto, they were facing over eleven thousand,

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two hundred lawsuits over round up, claiming that roundup caused cancer.

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The first of all these lawsuits was Johnson versus Monsanto,

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and this is Dwayne Lee. Johnson is the plaintiff in

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this case. He sprayed hundreds of gallons of roundup during

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his time as the as the groundskeeper of an elementary

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school in Benetia, California. This happened at least once that

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he can recall, but it probably happened more than that

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on a specific day. What if his sprayers broke and

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he ended he ended up drenched in roundup? And he

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did wear like PPE he wore you know those like

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taiek suits. There are like these white suits that you

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put on over your clothes. The suits are not like plastic,

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They're kind of like they feel a little like felty,

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like I don't know really, Yeah, I've used them for work.

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Oh like, Oh, I've used during COVID. We had them

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when they finally decided to give us a PPE because

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at first it was only for the hospitals, even though

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we were a COVID testing site anyway, right right, right, right, right,

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right right, So, yeah, they're not plastic. If they get

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liquid on them, it does get soaked through. And so

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he ended up drenched in round up. Oh my god. Terrible.

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So after this happened, at the age of forty two,

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he was diagnosed with on Hodgkin lymphoma and he and

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it took him a while to get to this point,

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but he believes that it was caused by a round up.

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It got so bad that he was like, first it

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started as a small rash and then like basically parts

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of his skin like were falling off. It was like

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it was bad. Oh my god. He finally went to

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the doctor. The doctor. The doctors were like, were you

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ever around pesticides? And then he was like, oh my god,

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yes for a whole So then he was like, I'm

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gonna sue because he was never told the dangers of

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this chemical he was writing with like if he knew

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it had been warned, maybe he would be able to

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take more precautions. Yeah, Like maybe he would think about

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is his job right for me? Right exactly? Something? Yeah, yeah.

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And as a result of this trial, Bear was ordered

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to pay two hundred and eighty nine million in pernitive

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damages and composite compensitory damages. And then in twenty eighteen

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they appeal. After a bunch of appeal, it went down

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to seventy eight million dollars that they or no, no, no,

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twenty one million dollars that they were going to pay him.

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In twenty seventeen, he was given six months to live

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because of how bad his cancer was. Despite that, he

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attended a screen of a documentary called Into the Weeds

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in twenty twenty three. Into the Weeds is his story, basically,

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it's it's the story of his fight against Monsanto. You

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can find this documentary on Apple TV, Spectrum Voodoo, also

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apparently Amazon Video, Google pay and as a DVD you

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can buy it. But he had tendered a screening. It

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was a one time screening of the movie in theaters

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on October third, twenty twenty three. And I haven't been

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I didn't find that he passed away. I think he's

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still alive. Really, look at him fighting, fighting the good fight. Yeah.

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And Dwayne Lee Johnson's win against the corporation was huge,

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but it also confirmed something that a lot of people

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were already suspecting. Already knew that the chemicals being you

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use as pesticides were killing us too, as in everyone

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that was near them. And one country was very very

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much affected by this, and that is Argentina. And we

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did mention this briefly last episode when I started to

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go off on this like little side tangent about the

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movie when Evil Larns. Yeah. Yeah, because like we said,

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we love a whrror, a movie with a social political commentary. Yes,

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and that movie. After reading all this very much makes

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sense to me that it's about pesticides commentary on pesticide

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use in Argentina. But let's get into that. Since a

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round up ready soybeans were introduced to Argentina in nineteen

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ninety six, the crop took over the country. Almost all

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of the soy grown in Argentina is Monzanto round our

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breddy beans, and soy has taken over sixty percent of

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farmland in Argentina. Sixty yeah, sixty percent. Wow. And this

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is also the same in Brazil Uruguay bayde why Oh

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soy has become the main crop and all the soybeans

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are a round up brending soybeans. Between nineteen ninety six

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and twenty sixteen, the use of roundup in Argentina jumped

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from and numbers are coming, so I thought i'd warn you.

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The use of round up in Argentina jumped from nineteen

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point nine million liters to two hundred thirty seven point

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six million liters three hundred thirty something two hundred thirty

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seven two hundred thirty seven point six million. Wow. I

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still told me, and I still didn't get it right.

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I know that is in case you need it in

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another format. That is a one thousand eighty nine percent increase. Damn,

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Like that's insane. During that same time period, farmland for

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soybeans increased from fourteen point seven million eight to forty

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seven million acres, a two hundred and sixteen percent increase.

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Too much. Wow, And all those all you soy motherfreckers.

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This is the renon GM technologies, this monsanto like agricultural technologies.

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The use of all this have resulted in economic benefits

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for Argentina because now soybean is like a major commodity

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being exported out of the country. So this has resulted

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in like an estimated one point eight million job growth

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in Argentina. And it sounds like a good thing, but

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it came with severe consequences. It always does, and it's

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always the most vulnerable. So the severe the people who

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face these consequences was the rural farming areas of the country,

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especially the Gordoba region of Argentina. In these areas there

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has been an increase in birth defects and fertility, steel births, miscarriages,

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chronic respiratory illnesses, and cancer, and in fact, in these

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parts of the country, cancer deaths have more than doubled. Wow.

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But of course, if you ask Menzanto, they have deemed

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their pesticides safe to use or officially not likely to

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be carcinogenic to humans. Way please, wow. And the EPA

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has gone back and forth on this a few times.

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So in nineteen eighty six, glacosate was initially classified as

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Group C, so this is a possible human carcinogen. Later

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it was moved down to Group D, not classifiable as

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a human carcinogen, so they're saying we can't classify this

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as cancer causing in people. In nineteen ninety one it

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was moved down to Group E evidence of non carcinogen

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city I guess basically that there's no evidence that causes

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cancer in humans. That was in nineteen ninety one. In

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twenty fifteen and twenty seventeen it was classified as not

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likely to be carcinogenic to humans, but of course other

217
00:14:16.320 --> 00:14:20.879
groups like the International Agency for Researcher and Cancer classified

218
00:14:20.919 --> 00:14:25.559
it in Group two, probably carcinogenic to humans, and in

219
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twenty seventeen, the state of California has it listed has

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glad to state listed as known to the state to

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cause cancer. Wow. But these motherfuckers the EPA, and like,

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00:14:36.720 --> 00:14:38.600
it's like, how can you trust the EPA when you

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have a revolving DAR or yeah, yes, of Monsanto executives

224
00:14:43.720 --> 00:14:51.440
going from Monsando CEOs down to EPA administrator Santo. So

225
00:14:51.600 --> 00:14:53.559
it's like, of course they're going to label it non

226
00:14:53.639 --> 00:14:57.559
concert causing, like they want to make money. Some of

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the tests that were conducted by country factors for Monzanto

228
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to prove whether or not it was carcinogenic were We're

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00:15:05.600 --> 00:15:11.840
found to be fraudulent of course, yeah, and Monzanto stated

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that they repeated the tests with similar results in a

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00:15:15.159 --> 00:15:18.600
non fraudulent manner. But again they cannot be trusted right.

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A report by the Ministry of Health in Cordoba, Argentina

233
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revealed that deaths from cancerous tumors are double the national

234
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average in areas where genetically engineered crops are grown. Damn,

235
00:15:34.200 --> 00:15:38.120
that's a lot. Yeah. The highest rate of death occurs

236
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in the Bamba Gringa area, where most GMO crops are

237
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grown and most of the chemicals that ground up are used.

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The average for cancer deaths is one hundred and fifty

239
00:15:50.440 --> 00:15:55.360
eight per one hundred thousand inhabitants. That's the normal amount,

240
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but in areas like Bampa Gringa it's too, two hundred

241
00:16:00.440 --> 00:16:06.360
and sixteen to two hundred and thirty per one hundred inhabitants. Wow,

242
00:16:07.559 --> 00:16:11.440
so again a big jump. Other regions in Cordoba also

243
00:16:11.480 --> 00:16:16.000
have cancer deaths well above the national average, ranging in

244
00:16:16.879 --> 00:16:20.799
like two hundred per one hundred thousand inhabitants. And these

245
00:16:20.799 --> 00:16:25.440
are also statistics from the report on Cancer in Cordova

246
00:16:25.919 --> 00:16:28.240
from two thousand and four to two thousand and nine.

247
00:16:28.679 --> 00:16:32.320
And it was done by the Provincial Tumor Registry and

248
00:16:32.399 --> 00:16:37.000
the Department of Statistics and Census, so not Monsanto. It

249
00:16:37.120 --> 00:16:40.919
was done by Argentina themselves. These groups in Argentina. Also

250
00:16:41.080 --> 00:16:45.320
researchers at Rio Quarto have studied the people of Cordoba

251
00:16:45.399 --> 00:16:49.840
for eight years and they confirmed in fifteen scientific publications

252
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that people exposed to pesticides suffer genetic damage and are

253
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more prone to cancer. But despite all these studies and

254
00:17:00.559 --> 00:17:05.920
reports that have proven cancer has sky rocketed, the government

255
00:17:07.079 --> 00:17:12.559
hasn't done anything about it. Why because they're in Mantanto's pocket. Yeah,

256
00:17:12.720 --> 00:17:16.359
they're making a ton of money from this. Yeah. The

257
00:17:16.400 --> 00:17:19.480
people of these regions are the ones that have been

258
00:17:19.519 --> 00:17:23.480
forced to fight against this, and it's like always like

259
00:17:23.559 --> 00:17:27.759
we say, they weren't looking to become activists, they were

260
00:17:27.799 --> 00:17:37.599
forced to become activists. One of these people is Sofia Gottica.

261
00:17:37.799 --> 00:17:43.519
Sofia Gottica, she was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in

262
00:17:43.519 --> 00:17:46.920
twenty twelve for her fight against the use of tastic

263
00:17:47.000 --> 00:17:51.599
pesticides in Afgentina and trigger warnin for the death of

264
00:17:51.640 --> 00:17:55.039
an infant. But for her, it all began with the

265
00:17:55.160 --> 00:17:58.680
death of her daughter, who died at three days old

266
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from kidney That's like rare, right for very a Newberry, Yeah,

267
00:18:05.359 --> 00:18:09.920
very rare if you're not in this part of Agentina. Oh wow. Yes.

268
00:18:10.480 --> 00:18:14.599
So when her daughter died, Sophia didn't make the connection

269
00:18:14.799 --> 00:18:18.759
right away, but then she started noticing that her neighbors, friends,

270
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family started having health problem after health problem, and she

271
00:18:23.599 --> 00:18:26.400
began to wonder, and she noticed they all have one

272
00:18:26.440 --> 00:18:31.519
thing in common. Their town. It do sangle, it to sing,

273
00:18:32.200 --> 00:18:40.720
it to seng goot. Oh, one of those is right anyway.

274
00:18:41.920 --> 00:18:47.119
In their town, they are surrounded. Oh, I can talk.

275
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In their town, they are surrounded by soybean fields on

276
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all directions. They're basically in the middle of soybean farmland.

277
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And so these soybean fields are routinely sprayed with one thing,

278
00:19:02.880 --> 00:19:10.519
round up. And the roundup is sprayed aerially and indiscriminately,

279
00:19:11.559 --> 00:19:14.720
just up in the air. Yeah. Because it's sprayed down,

280
00:19:14.920 --> 00:19:18.640
it goes everywhere. It drives into town. There's no way

281
00:19:18.720 --> 00:19:23.599
to avoid it. And they're surrounded, so it's just impossible

282
00:19:23.640 --> 00:19:26.960
to avoid. Because on top of that, the town, like

283
00:19:27.160 --> 00:19:30.359
literally the houses that started at the town, they are

284
00:19:30.440 --> 00:19:34.799
five yards from where the soybean fields start. Five yards. Yeah,

285
00:19:34.880 --> 00:19:38.240
like the houses, the first set of houses on the

286
00:19:38.319 --> 00:19:41.759
edge of town. That's how close they are to the fields. Wow,

287
00:19:41.839 --> 00:19:45.440
that's pretty close. Yeah. And so after the death of

288
00:19:45.440 --> 00:19:48.519
her infant daughter, she started noticing all of her sick

289
00:19:48.640 --> 00:19:52.240
neighbors how close they were to the fields. She started

290
00:19:52.279 --> 00:19:57.160
going door to door, and her going door to door

291
00:19:57.240 --> 00:20:01.559
asking people that ended up becoming the and get ready

292
00:20:01.559 --> 00:20:05.519
for this million dollar word that I can't pronounce epi

293
00:20:06.000 --> 00:20:13.680
epidem epology. Oh yeah, it was the first epidemiological study.

294
00:20:13.759 --> 00:20:17.839
I said it wrong again, epidemiological theory. Yeah, yeah, that

295
00:20:17.920 --> 00:20:20.640
was right. It was the first study of that sort.

296
00:20:20.920 --> 00:20:24.519
And wow, the region of Argentina in regards to pesticides

297
00:20:25.519 --> 00:20:31.279
at her findings shocking. She found that neurological and respiratory

298
00:20:31.319 --> 00:20:35.000
disease birds effects and infant mortality and cancer rates were

299
00:20:35.240 --> 00:20:40.079
forty one times higher in her town than the national average.

300
00:20:40.279 --> 00:20:44.599
How much forty one times higher than the average? Whoa, whoa,

301
00:20:46.000 --> 00:20:49.359
that's a lot. Yeah, tell me about it. But she

302
00:20:49.440 --> 00:20:52.920
wasn't down there. She started a group called the Mothers

303
00:20:53.000 --> 00:20:58.839
of Itusango Argentina and their Mothers of Group I love

304
00:20:59.279 --> 00:21:01.519
I love it, I love it, I love it. Come

305
00:21:01.599 --> 00:21:07.720
back to Maldoiselle la mao. Yeah, yeah, more mothers of

306
00:21:07.880 --> 00:21:11.480
something something like please. Yes, that's when you know that

307
00:21:11.480 --> 00:21:13.640
this is a legit activist group when they are the

308
00:21:13.640 --> 00:21:18.920
mothers of something. So yeah, the Mothers of Itusango and

309
00:21:19.160 --> 00:21:23.440
they set off to stop the use of these toxic chemicals.

310
00:21:23.839 --> 00:21:27.039
They did the door to door survey. Then they contacted

311
00:21:27.119 --> 00:21:33.119
the Argentina environmental organizations and they initiated this thing called

312
00:21:33.160 --> 00:21:37.400
the Stop Spraying campaign. There were protests and efforts to

313
00:21:37.559 --> 00:21:42.200
educate the public. They started blockades of the sprain machines.

314
00:21:42.559 --> 00:21:46.880
Love me some blockades. I love a good blockade. They

315
00:21:46.920 --> 00:21:50.319
protested at the Ministry of Agriculture and the Health Ministry.

316
00:21:50.920 --> 00:21:53.640
Love it loves this yere. They took sick people to

317
00:21:53.720 --> 00:21:56.240
the ministry and like, see, look what you're doing. This

318
00:21:56.279 --> 00:21:58.440
is you, this is all you reminds me of the

319
00:21:58.480 --> 00:22:03.440
AIDS and this activism here when they laid on the

320
00:22:03.480 --> 00:22:06.000
front of the steps of Like, was it the White

321
00:22:06.000 --> 00:22:08.079
House that I remember something like that? I think so,

322
00:22:08.160 --> 00:22:12.440
I think so. Eventually, this all led to led to

323
00:22:12.880 --> 00:22:16.799
then President Christina Kirschner to commission the Ministry of Health

324
00:22:16.839 --> 00:22:20.119
to conduct a separate investigation. This is now two thousand

325
00:22:20.119 --> 00:22:24.279
and eight, and this new investigation confirmed the findings of

326
00:22:24.319 --> 00:22:27.440
the door to door surveying of the Mothers of Itusango,

327
00:22:27.960 --> 00:22:31.759
and then this eventually led to Sophia and the Mothers

328
00:22:31.799 --> 00:22:37.200
succeeding and getting a municipal ordinance banning spraying at a

329
00:22:37.240 --> 00:22:42.960
distance of fewer than twenty five hundred meters from houses. Good. Yes.

330
00:22:43.640 --> 00:22:46.400
And then in twenty ten, the Supreme Court reversed the

331
00:22:46.400 --> 00:22:49.880
burden of proof, so residents no longer had to prove

332
00:22:50.319 --> 00:22:53.720
the harmfulness of sprain. The government and Swobean growers just

333
00:22:53.799 --> 00:22:56.839
had to like not spray in these areas. They had

334
00:22:56.880 --> 00:22:59.359
to spray their way. Okay. I almost thought you were

335
00:22:59.359 --> 00:23:01.279
going to say something be bad, and I was like, wait, no,

336
00:23:01.400 --> 00:23:05.599
this is good. It's gonna get bad. Oh what? Because

337
00:23:05.640 --> 00:23:09.759
of course, these first these victories came with the price.

338
00:23:10.440 --> 00:23:14.400
The residents of Itu Sango had to sign a waiver

339
00:23:14.519 --> 00:23:19.519
agree not to sue. Yeah, in order to get drinking

340
00:23:19.599 --> 00:23:24.599
water that wasn't contaminated with pesticides. Sophia herself faced threats.

341
00:23:24.759 --> 00:23:27.039
Someone broke into her house with the weapon and told

342
00:23:27.079 --> 00:23:31.559
her not to fuck with the soybeans. What the hell? Yeah,

343
00:23:31.880 --> 00:23:35.319
this is very like like the Coca Cola episode where

344
00:23:35.319 --> 00:23:39.000
they hired what are they called, I'm sorry, it's not

345
00:23:39.079 --> 00:23:40.839
really dumb right now. Was because I'm you know, like

346
00:23:40.920 --> 00:23:45.640
it's because you're tired. The militia groups. Yeah, they yas, Yeah,

347
00:23:45.680 --> 00:23:47.720
there you go, that's word where they hired the giddy

348
00:23:47.759 --> 00:23:50.519
Yas to threaten was or was it like malicious? It

349
00:23:50.519 --> 00:23:57.319
was milicious or some shit, but it wasn't entired to military. Yes,

350
00:23:57.359 --> 00:23:59.559
they have a name that I cannot remember right now. Anyway,

351
00:23:59.680 --> 00:24:06.319
they there'shbecurity forces. Yeah, but for private people, contractors something

352
00:24:06.400 --> 00:24:09.000
like that. Okay, but it was that anyway, point being

353
00:24:09.119 --> 00:24:13.160
that they hired them to threaten and scare all the

354
00:24:14.319 --> 00:24:20.000
union organizing paramilitary Oh my god. Yes, yeah, and let's

355
00:24:20.039 --> 00:24:23.559
not forget that Latin America is one of the most

356
00:24:23.599 --> 00:24:27.759
deadliest places to be an activist, especially an environmental activists.

357
00:24:28.400 --> 00:24:34.319
So yeah, she also got threatening calls threatening her children.

358
00:24:35.000 --> 00:24:37.960
Oh no, they'd be like, you want one less child?

359
00:24:38.000 --> 00:24:41.599
And then that's terrible. When she tried to go to

360
00:24:41.640 --> 00:24:45.799
the police, they didn't do anything. Of course, this is

361
00:24:45.799 --> 00:24:48.079
from an interview she did back then, but she said,

362
00:24:48.279 --> 00:24:50.680
I had just come home. I had just come back

363
00:24:50.720 --> 00:24:52.880
from the corner store, and I never locked my door.

364
00:24:53.279 --> 00:24:55.160
I always just come and go in our neighborhood. And

365
00:24:55.200 --> 00:24:57.720
I came in and he followed behind me and put

366
00:24:57.759 --> 00:25:00.119
the gun against my head and in my kitchen and

367
00:25:00.160 --> 00:25:02.880
said I need to stop fucking with the SOI he

368
00:25:02.920 --> 00:25:04.720
made me sit down in a chair. He said not

369
00:25:04.799 --> 00:25:07.160
to leave, so I didn't leave. I waited until he

370
00:25:07.279 --> 00:25:09.920
drove away, and then I went to the police. Wow,

371
00:25:10.400 --> 00:25:13.799
fucked up. But none of this stopped her. Since her

372
00:25:13.839 --> 00:25:17.599
journey into activism began, the mothers of Itusango have been

373
00:25:17.640 --> 00:25:21.160
to Brazil at Guador, Paraguay and Chile to share their

374
00:25:21.200 --> 00:25:26.319
experience and teach others had to defend their rights against Monsanto. Amazing, amazing,

375
00:25:26.440 --> 00:25:30.559
but wows I love that for them. Also, it's important

376
00:25:30.599 --> 00:25:33.160
to know that these wins happened in the core, but

377
00:25:33.200 --> 00:25:38.079
many times that these rulings are just simply ignored. Yeah. Yeah,

378
00:25:38.160 --> 00:25:43.039
that reminds me of the Espoquitos episode that we that

379
00:25:43.119 --> 00:25:49.160
you did on the survivor of that extreme violence from

380
00:25:49.200 --> 00:25:54.240
that son of a political like government leader in Oh

381
00:25:56.160 --> 00:26:00.480
yeah yeah, and how it went to that international court

382
00:26:00.680 --> 00:26:03.519
right and like there's still nothing came of it. Yes,

383
00:26:03.720 --> 00:26:12.880
the case of Linda Loaisa so In. In January twenty thirteen,

384
00:26:13.519 --> 00:26:18.000
activists Oscari Vintensei was standing in a field next to

385
00:26:18.079 --> 00:26:21.640
his friend's house. He was waving a printed paper of

386
00:26:21.680 --> 00:26:25.079
a ruling that stated pesticides were not to be sprayed

387
00:26:25.400 --> 00:26:28.920
within one thousand meters of homes in the town of Alberti.

388
00:26:29.839 --> 00:26:33.400
The tractor driver just ignored him and doused him with

389
00:26:33.519 --> 00:26:36.119
pesticide and then when out it is like a death,

390
00:26:36.640 --> 00:26:40.400
Like that's intentionally trying to like hurt someone. Wow. Yeah,

391
00:26:40.880 --> 00:26:43.079
at this incident went viral on YouTube because the whole

392
00:26:43.079 --> 00:26:46.440
thing was recorded. Oh wow, but from two thousand and

393
00:26:46.480 --> 00:26:50.279
eight to twenty eleven, repeat I said that weird from

394
00:26:50.279 --> 00:26:52.240
two thousand and eight, like I'm drunk or something. From

395
00:26:52.279 --> 00:26:57.440
two doan eight to eleven, Okay, t go on. From

396
00:26:57.480 --> 00:27:00.680
two thousand eight to twenty eleven, no one was punished

397
00:27:00.720 --> 00:27:04.240
for violating federal Sprain rules. So it's the then, what's

398
00:27:04.240 --> 00:27:07.039
the point of having this ruling? Yeah, like what was

399
00:27:07.079 --> 00:27:10.519
the point of all this? And like it like at

400
00:27:10.519 --> 00:27:12.359
some point it all seems like, oh my god, it's

401
00:27:12.359 --> 00:27:16.240
like pointless, but no, these people keep fighting. It's also

402
00:27:16.400 --> 00:27:20.279
like the principle of it all. Yes, I don't know.

403
00:27:20.319 --> 00:27:22.519
I laugh. It's just like it's just because because it's

404
00:27:22.519 --> 00:27:26.000
like the audacity and like the absurdity that it like

405
00:27:26.920 --> 00:27:29.319
how are these people held accountable? But still like the

406
00:27:29.319 --> 00:27:34.759
fight never stops exactly. Fabianto Massi was a firm worker

407
00:27:34.960 --> 00:27:39.440
from Bassa, Vilbaso Andrios, Argentina, one of the places most

408
00:27:39.440 --> 00:27:42.640
affected by pesticide use. His job was to fill the

409
00:27:42.680 --> 00:27:46.519
crop dusters tanks as fast as possible so they could

410
00:27:46.599 --> 00:27:50.960
keep flying and spraying pesticides. He would end up drenched

411
00:27:51.000 --> 00:27:54.440
in the pesticides, especially round up because again this is

412
00:27:54.480 --> 00:27:58.720
the one that's used the most, so he was never

413
00:27:58.799 --> 00:28:00.960
taught how to handle them safe. He was never given

414
00:28:01.039 --> 00:28:05.359
gear on like preventing him from being drenched in these pesticides.

415
00:28:06.119 --> 00:28:08.799
He was never told about how dangerous they were. After

416
00:28:08.960 --> 00:28:11.880
years of working like this, at age forty seven, he

417
00:28:12.480 --> 00:28:16.960
basically became like a living skeleton. Oh my god, look up,

418
00:28:17.799 --> 00:28:21.079
Fabian Tomasi. I could easily send you the pictures, but

419
00:28:21.279 --> 00:28:26.039
they're all like computer Fabian Tomasi, just like it sounds.

420
00:28:26.200 --> 00:28:32.240
Oh wow, yeah wow. He did not always look like that.

421
00:28:32.359 --> 00:28:35.680
He was basically a living skeleton. At age forty seven,

422
00:28:35.759 --> 00:28:39.119
he could barely swallow. Oh my god. He could go

423
00:28:39.160 --> 00:28:42.160
to the bedroom on his own. He was diagnosed with

424
00:28:42.359 --> 00:28:47.960
polyneurope neuropathy, and this is a condition where the peripheral

425
00:28:48.039 --> 00:28:52.759
nerves in the body stop working. The peripheral nerves for

426
00:28:52.799 --> 00:28:55.559
those that don't know are the nerves that are not

427
00:28:55.720 --> 00:28:58.400
part of your brain or spinal cord, so all the

428
00:28:58.440 --> 00:29:02.000
other nerves in your entire higher body. Wow. Having this

429
00:29:02.279 --> 00:29:06.480
causes weakness, numbness, burning pain, until you become until you

430
00:29:06.519 --> 00:29:11.759
basically can't move like and his diagnosis was attributed to

431
00:29:11.839 --> 00:29:17.400
the exposure to all these toxic chemicals by doctors. He

432
00:29:17.480 --> 00:29:21.119
did eventually die of this in September, on September seventh,

433
00:29:21.240 --> 00:29:25.640
twenty eighteen. He was fifty three years old. Oh my god,

434
00:29:25.839 --> 00:29:29.440
that's like relatively young and then out of for his

435
00:29:29.559 --> 00:29:34.519
last years to be like that, that's so so that painful. Yeah.

436
00:29:34.680 --> 00:29:37.000
But even in all the pain that he was in,

437
00:29:37.160 --> 00:29:40.039
he made sure to not keep quiet about pesticides and

438
00:29:40.079 --> 00:29:43.480
the danger to his community. He spoke at schools and

439
00:29:43.759 --> 00:29:47.079
all the community spaces he could. He shared his story

440
00:29:47.200 --> 00:29:51.240
everywhere that he could. He was the main person in

441
00:29:51.279 --> 00:29:54.240
a book called en Venanados The Poisoned Ones that came

442
00:29:54.279 --> 00:29:59.480
out twenty thirteen by journalists Patricio la Seggi. He's the

443
00:29:59.519 --> 00:30:03.559
cover on this book too. And then just a few

444
00:30:03.559 --> 00:30:06.279
months before his death, he wrote a letter to the

445
00:30:06.319 --> 00:30:11.799
school children of his hometown in Basaville, basil, and I'm

446
00:30:11.799 --> 00:30:14.000
going to try and read this. I already read it once,

447
00:30:14.000 --> 00:30:16.519
so I this time you want me to read it.

448
00:30:16.920 --> 00:30:18.759
I cry the first time, but I think I'll be

449
00:30:18.759 --> 00:30:21.240
fine because I already read it. But warning, because this

450
00:30:21.319 --> 00:30:26.839
is sad man, so you are children. But I had

451
00:30:26.880 --> 00:30:30.039
to explain something very difficult to you. My story is

452
00:30:30.079 --> 00:30:32.680
not a nice one. You can see that I am sick,

453
00:30:33.000 --> 00:30:35.759
and I want you to know why I used to

454
00:30:35.839 --> 00:30:39.039
work in the soybean fields. I flew the planes that

455
00:30:39.079 --> 00:30:43.079
fumigate the soybean plants. To fumigate is to spray poison

456
00:30:43.160 --> 00:30:46.359
on the plants. This poison doesn't kill the soybeans, it

457
00:30:46.440 --> 00:30:50.160
kills everything else. The fields are full of different plants

458
00:30:50.240 --> 00:30:53.680
that grow naturally without asking for anyone's permission, of course,

459
00:30:54.359 --> 00:30:56.839
but the men who grow soybeans don't want any of

460
00:30:56.880 --> 00:30:59.640
these other plants to grow, so they call all the

461
00:30:59.640 --> 00:31:02.880
plants that they don't like weeds, and that's why they

462
00:31:02.920 --> 00:31:05.839
poison them to kill them. When I started this job,

463
00:31:05.920 --> 00:31:08.279
I didn't quite know what I was doing, and I

464
00:31:08.319 --> 00:31:11.200
would ask myself is this good work? But of course,

465
00:31:11.240 --> 00:31:14.279
after I got sick, I realized to kill all the

466
00:31:14.319 --> 00:31:18.039
forms of life that we don't like is wrong. It's

467
00:31:18.079 --> 00:31:22.039
wrong to kill all the quails, the rodents, the daisies,

468
00:31:22.079 --> 00:31:25.200
and the songbirds only to grow a single type of

469
00:31:25.359 --> 00:31:29.400
plant that makes money. It's wrong because it harms the earth,

470
00:31:30.160 --> 00:31:33.599
because the earth needs all of its plants, birds, and critters.

471
00:31:33.640 --> 00:31:40.480
I'm already gonna cry. And also because it ends up

472
00:31:40.559 --> 00:31:44.640
hurting us humans like it hurt me. Even though we

473
00:31:44.720 --> 00:31:48.880
seem very different from one another, the animals, plants, and

474
00:31:49.000 --> 00:31:53.039
flowers were actually very similar. We're all made of building

475
00:31:53.119 --> 00:31:56.440
blocks called cells. So the poison they apply to the

476
00:31:56.480 --> 00:32:00.880
plants hurts us too. Plus, those plants and resistant from

477
00:32:00.920 --> 00:32:04.599
receiving so much poison, they become harder and harder to kill,

478
00:32:05.079 --> 00:32:08.440
so more and more poison has to be used, and

479
00:32:08.480 --> 00:32:11.960
that's how more and more people get sick. Did you

480
00:32:12.039 --> 00:32:15.559
know it's possible to grow crops without using poison? But

481
00:32:15.599 --> 00:32:18.559
they don't do it because they forgot how, and the

482
00:32:18.559 --> 00:32:21.079
people who sell the poison don't want them to remember.

483
00:32:21.680 --> 00:32:23.799
They don't want us to remember that we used to

484
00:32:23.799 --> 00:32:27.519
grow beautiful corn and weed without using any chemicals at all.

485
00:32:28.119 --> 00:32:31.119
That's why it's important for you, the adults of tomorrow,

486
00:32:31.200 --> 00:32:34.720
to know that people and nature had to be friends.

487
00:32:35.119 --> 00:32:38.720
If we harm nature, we end up harming ourselves. As

488
00:32:38.720 --> 00:32:41.400
you get older and you make decisions about your lives,

489
00:32:41.519 --> 00:32:44.839
whether you go to work or continue studying, I hope

490
00:32:44.880 --> 00:32:48.519
you'll remember this letter and realize that we the adults

491
00:32:48.599 --> 00:32:52.240
did a lot of things wrong, that you shouldn't emulate us,

492
00:32:52.759 --> 00:32:54.880
that you can't do well on your path if you

493
00:32:54.960 --> 00:32:59.440
harm others. Put simply don't kill. A big hug to

494
00:32:59.519 --> 00:33:04.079
you new friends. My name is Fabian Carlos TOMASI. I

495
00:33:04.119 --> 00:33:09.200
hope you won't forget me. Oh that was yeah, Oh

496
00:33:09.279 --> 00:33:12.680
my god, but so true. I mean, like we are

497
00:33:12.839 --> 00:33:18.440
also a part of nature. And this attitude of conquering nature,

498
00:33:18.640 --> 00:33:24.759
wanting to destroy nature for capitalism, for power, it comes

499
00:33:24.799 --> 00:33:31.000
from colonialism, it comes it comes from the Bible manifest destiny.

500
00:33:31.200 --> 00:33:33.960
It's like a it's like a you know, Christian concept

501
00:33:34.240 --> 00:33:38.920
like this is that they felt like they had the power, uh,

502
00:33:38.960 --> 00:33:41.839
and not even the power, but the what is the

503
00:33:41.880 --> 00:33:44.759
word like the right that they have the right to

504
00:33:44.880 --> 00:33:47.680
control the earth. And it ties to so much of

505
00:33:47.720 --> 00:33:49.759
everything that we talked about, and it's going to tie

506
00:33:49.799 --> 00:33:53.160
to the Panama Canal that I'm of course the researching

507
00:33:53.880 --> 00:33:58.000
because it ties to this belief that that the United

508
00:33:58.000 --> 00:34:03.160
States colonial you know, power are better and stronger than

509
00:34:03.880 --> 00:34:09.960
the wild savage jungles of Latin America or in this case,

510
00:34:10.000 --> 00:34:14.760
the wild savage weeds of Aghadina. It's like we said

511
00:34:15.719 --> 00:34:19.199
last episode, at the end of the day, what does

512
00:34:19.239 --> 00:34:22.000
all this money mean if the earth is no longer

513
00:34:22.800 --> 00:34:28.440
yeah alive, you're stop being sci fi shit like yeah,

514
00:34:29.280 --> 00:34:35.239
and he should look up. Well, I'll I'll send you pictures.

515
00:34:35.320 --> 00:34:39.239
But like Fabianto Massi is one person. But look at

516
00:34:39.320 --> 00:34:42.639
him and then look at like pictures of the children

517
00:34:43.360 --> 00:34:48.480
born from the birth defects because of Monsanto and round up.

518
00:34:49.039 --> 00:34:54.719
It's horrifying, like so so many problems because this is

519
00:34:54.760 --> 00:34:57.519
being sprayed and sprayed, and like he said in his

520
00:34:57.639 --> 00:35:00.480
letter to all the little school children of his city,

521
00:35:00.760 --> 00:35:04.719
of his town, it wasn't always like this. All of

522
00:35:04.800 --> 00:35:09.320
you started in nineteen ninety six, and my god, and

523
00:35:09.400 --> 00:35:13.000
it's in such a short time span, like it destroyed,

524
00:35:13.320 --> 00:35:16.039
has destroyed so much, because really nineteen eighty six is

525
00:35:16.079 --> 00:35:19.360
not that long ago. Yeah, like that's a that's a

526
00:35:19.440 --> 00:35:24.199
late millennial, you know. Yeah. Having read this and now

527
00:35:24.320 --> 00:35:26.199
thinking back to whin evil Lyrics, I'm like, no, I

528
00:35:26.280 --> 00:35:28.400
see it now, I see it, And especially because when

529
00:35:28.440 --> 00:35:32.079
evil lyrics like you got to watch the movie. But

530
00:35:32.159 --> 00:35:33.760
I was gonna say, I gotta watch it. You haven't

531
00:35:33.800 --> 00:35:35.639
seen it, Oh we should know. It's so horrible. I

532
00:35:35.639 --> 00:35:37.920
don't know if Mammy Well, I mean likes horror movies too.

533
00:35:37.920 --> 00:35:39.880
I'm like, we should watch it. But is it too

534
00:35:39.960 --> 00:35:42.400
slow pace for her? No? Right, no, it's not slow

535
00:35:42.440 --> 00:35:46.320
paced at all. Oh God, Anyway, I could see how

536
00:35:46.360 --> 00:35:48.639
it is related to all of this now after I've

537
00:35:48.679 --> 00:35:51.760
read about this, looked at the pictures and how many

538
00:35:51.840 --> 00:35:55.480
people have been gotten sick, and how like there's this

539
00:35:55.639 --> 00:35:58.079
wide rule about like, oh, we shouldn't be using this.

540
00:35:58.119 --> 00:35:59.760
But then at the end of the day, it's left

541
00:35:59.800 --> 00:36:05.320
to the provinces and there's no like, no regulation, no

542
00:36:05.800 --> 00:36:11.760
proper regulation, no proper punishment for breaking the rules that

543
00:36:11.800 --> 00:36:15.880
were made, like you can't spray this close, and then

544
00:36:16.079 --> 00:36:18.639
the people are left to fight for their lives basically,

545
00:36:19.280 --> 00:36:21.559
and it's for the royal cells. Yeah, it's in the

546
00:36:21.599 --> 00:36:32.239
rural parts, just like the movie. Wow. Yeah. But I

547
00:36:32.679 --> 00:36:35.119
was going to end on the note of Fabian Tomasi

548
00:36:35.639 --> 00:36:37.559
because it was such a beautiful letter, but I almost

549
00:36:37.599 --> 00:36:40.960
forgot to include that, like it may seem like nothing

550
00:36:41.000 --> 00:36:42.960
can be done, it may seem like, oh my god,

551
00:36:43.000 --> 00:36:47.199
they're just like killing the royal people of Vargentina. But

552
00:36:47.239 --> 00:36:49.960
he shared his story till the very end, till the

553
00:36:50.079 --> 00:36:52.440
very last moment that he could. That letter is like

554
00:36:52.480 --> 00:36:54.440
one of the last things he shared, like with the

555
00:36:54.480 --> 00:36:58.039
little school children of his city. Sophia and the mothers

556
00:36:58.199 --> 00:37:01.400
continue their fight against Monsanto to this day, and they've

557
00:37:01.440 --> 00:37:06.079
had actual winds like outside of court amazing where it

558
00:37:06.079 --> 00:37:10.039
can hardly be enforced. But in twenty thirteen, they stopped

559
00:37:10.039 --> 00:37:13.480
the construction of a new Monsanto building. This building was

560
00:37:13.519 --> 00:37:17.159
set to be a corn seed processing plant and it

561
00:37:17.199 --> 00:37:20.199
was set to open in twenty fourteen. They began a

562
00:37:20.280 --> 00:37:24.800
blockade of the access road to the plant, and they

563
00:37:25.239 --> 00:37:29.440
did this for more than five months, Like every single

564
00:37:29.519 --> 00:37:32.679
moment of the day, somebody was blocking that road and

565
00:37:32.840 --> 00:37:36.320
construction workers could not get through that road to begin

566
00:37:36.400 --> 00:37:42.039
to build this plant of evil. For yeah, And this

567
00:37:42.239 --> 00:37:46.039
led to the Ministry of the Environment of Argentina to

568
00:37:46.199 --> 00:37:51.760
deny Monsanto's environmental impact assessment. So Monsanto had to provide

569
00:37:51.800 --> 00:37:55.920
this environmental impact assessment. The ministry said no, this does

570
00:37:55.960 --> 00:37:59.719
not pass. This is actually bad. And then finally, after

571
00:37:59.760 --> 00:38:04.559
all the protesting in twenty sixteen, Monsanto withdrew from the project.

572
00:38:04.599 --> 00:38:07.519
They said, we're not doing this anymore because it made

573
00:38:07.559 --> 00:38:11.000
it not worth it because of all the outworing. Yes,

574
00:38:11.400 --> 00:38:15.519
the reasons they cited were economic developments and the effects

575
00:38:15.559 --> 00:38:19.760
of long term protests by the residents. So this is

576
00:38:19.840 --> 00:38:23.960
like directly because every single day the mothers and the

577
00:38:23.960 --> 00:38:28.639
people they rounded up were blocking that road. Amazing, and

578
00:38:28.719 --> 00:38:33.519
Sophia's response to that was, if the resistance stirs from below,

579
00:38:33.880 --> 00:38:38.800
it will bring down those above. Hold on, snap snap snap, snap,

580
00:38:39.840 --> 00:38:46.320
fucking mic drop, that's what I says. But so true. Yeah, yeah, wow,

581
00:38:46.440 --> 00:38:49.159
but wow, but man, Yeah, when I read her letters,

582
00:38:49.239 --> 00:38:54.000
I was like, wow, a powerful quot and it's so

583
00:38:54.199 --> 00:38:57.360
true and just goes to show what can be done,

584
00:38:58.000 --> 00:39:00.679
you know, with the power of community that is so

585
00:39:03.719 --> 00:39:07.119
missing so much a lot also from from our lives here,

586
00:39:07.159 --> 00:39:11.440
because capitalism is taking over every aspect of our lives,

587
00:39:11.599 --> 00:39:14.760
like work, work, work, work. No, when we first launched

588
00:39:14.760 --> 00:39:18.400
this podcast, it was going to be called it was

589
00:39:18.440 --> 00:39:22.199
capitalism alone. That's right, because everything, it ties into everything,

590
00:39:22.360 --> 00:39:26.119
almost everything. You know what I mean yeah, it really does. Wow,

591
00:39:26.199 --> 00:39:31.519
it's just amazing words. Oh absolutely, yeah, yeah, but yeah,

592
00:39:31.559 --> 00:39:33.559
that is part two. It was going to be Monsanto

593
00:39:33.639 --> 00:39:37.400
and Latin America, but it became Monsanto and Argentina. There's

594
00:39:37.440 --> 00:39:40.719
just a wealth of information and horrors to learn about

595
00:39:40.960 --> 00:39:45.519
from Montanto. Yeah, yeah, because this was Arinina alone. But

596
00:39:45.599 --> 00:39:51.679
like I said, it was it's the same situation in Paraguay, Chile, Brazil, Uruguay,

597
00:39:51.920 --> 00:39:56.079
and then even like parts of Mexico and Guatemala. And

598
00:39:56.079 --> 00:39:58.559
that is more related to the bees, which we'll get into.

599
00:39:58.719 --> 00:40:00.480
Oh and we're going to get into that. That's the

600
00:40:00.480 --> 00:40:02.599
next part. Yeah, that's where I'm going to be talking

601
00:40:02.639 --> 00:40:06.000
about the bees and Lady Peck. But yeah, anything to

602
00:40:06.039 --> 00:40:09.760
add before we go, I just want to say and

603
00:40:09.800 --> 00:40:12.199
thank whoever it was that listened to me about trying

604
00:40:12.239 --> 00:40:14.800
to get to one hundred ratings on Spotify, because now

605
00:40:14.800 --> 00:40:19.119
we have ninety seven. Look at that, We're three away everyway.

606
00:40:19.440 --> 00:40:21.960
The year is not over yet. We have like two

607
00:40:22.000 --> 00:40:24.559
more episodes for you for you all to go and

608
00:40:24.639 --> 00:40:27.239
rate us and get us to end, but only go

609
00:40:27.280 --> 00:40:34.400
to ratings, okay, please four and above. Anything else to

610
00:40:34.440 --> 00:40:38.679
add before we go, No, I guess other than probably

611
00:40:38.679 --> 00:40:42.920
more fitting for the episode. But there's been a lot

612
00:40:43.239 --> 00:40:48.119
being said on the internet lately that's shot that we

613
00:40:48.199 --> 00:40:53.800
need to yup about, some of it involving Mary J. Blige,

614
00:40:54.320 --> 00:41:00.559
jay Z. Yeah, a little qtie out there. But the

615
00:41:00.559 --> 00:41:06.440
eyebrows stole our hearts with them. Eyebrows. Yeah, okay, eyebrows,

616
00:41:06.559 --> 00:41:13.239
I see you. The miller is honestly yeah, made my

617
00:41:13.360 --> 00:41:20.000
eyebrows man memories. But yeah, eyebrows. Yeah, we do need

618
00:41:20.039 --> 00:41:24.719
to do another episode. Yeah, there's some stuff to yap about.

619
00:41:24.920 --> 00:41:27.440
If people are interested, then you can sign up for

620
00:41:28.400 --> 00:41:32.840
a Pittreon Yeah, where we yap about rates or anything. Christina,

621
00:41:32.920 --> 00:41:36.920
it's all that. Oh yeah, I forgot Okay, Well, at

622
00:41:36.960 --> 00:41:40.960
a certain tier, you get our bonus episodes, which are

623
00:41:40.960 --> 00:41:44.119
our episodes. That's the middle tier, middle tier, and above

624
00:41:45.440 --> 00:41:49.559
is the episodes. The first tier is just a shout out,

625
00:41:49.679 --> 00:41:52.599
which we're not doing today because I don't have pulled

626
00:41:52.639 --> 00:41:57.679
up and AD free yes, ad free listening and a

627
00:41:57.719 --> 00:42:03.400
shout out yeah yeah cool, cool, we're doing a lovely

628
00:42:03.519 --> 00:42:05.800
job writing Patreon. But anyway, yeah, it's out there if

629
00:42:05.840 --> 00:42:12.360
you're interested. But yeah, thank you everyone for listening, and

630
00:42:12.400 --> 00:42:15.039
we hope this is one less yestoria unknown for you.

631
00:42:15.079 --> 00:42:17.199
But also one more thing. I remember, all the homies

632
00:42:17.199 --> 00:42:21.440
hate Monsanto. All the homies hate Monsanto. We really need

633
00:42:21.599 --> 00:42:23.800
I will be sending stickers out. I know. I said

634
00:42:23.840 --> 00:42:25.440
I was going to do one time stickers, but it

635
00:42:25.519 --> 00:42:29.199
is quite necessary to send out those stickers. All the

636
00:42:29.199 --> 00:42:32.760
homies hate Monsanto. Either all my homies or all the homies.

637
00:42:32.800 --> 00:42:35.559
I think either one would sound good? Yeah, which one? Well, well,

638
00:42:35.559 --> 00:42:37.920
we'll talk about it, all right. People could oppine. If

639
00:42:38.280 --> 00:42:40.880
there's an opinion out there. Our three patron members, let

640
00:42:40.960 --> 00:42:44.000
us know one of you, one of you, Yeah, which

641
00:42:44.000 --> 00:42:47.480
one sounds better? All right? I almost say spooky. We

642
00:42:47.519 --> 00:42:50.719
hope that this was one less estoria unknown for you.

643
00:42:50.920 --> 00:43:00.239
Bye bye and