Feb. 12, 2026

Marcos Xiorro

Marcos Xiorro
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Marcos Xiorro was an enslaved Black man who led an uprising against sugarcane plantation owners in 1821 Puerto Rico. Cristina tells Carmen about Marcos Xiorro and a brief history of slavery in PR. Then, they do Latin American news segment, with news about El Salvador, Chile and Costa Rica. 

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Sources for this episode: 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcos_Xiorro
https://web.archive.org/web/20141228151319/
http://slaverebellion.org/index.php?page=slave-resistances-in-latin-america
https://guides.loc.gov/world-of-1898/abolition-slavery-puerto-rico
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_plantations_in_the_Caribbean
https://talkafricana.com/marcos-xiorro-the-african-slave-who-led-an-unsuccessful-revolt-in-puerto-rico-in-1821/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Puerto_Ricans#First_Africans_in_Puerto_Ricohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_settlement_of_Puerto_Rico#Landing_and_first_settlement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Garrido

Sources for news segment:

https://apnews.com/article/el-salvador-chile-cecot-bukele-kast-3bbd44ff2c51ec0d54c8315e07e88cf0
https://apnews.com/article/election-chile-kast-jara-boric-trump-05f915fd5eda909c13fd283f90f8d8e5
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/12/15/who-is-jose-antonio-kast-chiles-newly-elected-far-right-leader
https://www.c-span.org/clip/white-house-event/el-salvador-president-speaks-at-national-prayer-breakfast-about-crackdown-on-gangs/5191994
https://english.elpais.com/international/2026-02-09/el-salvadors-attorney-general-freezes-a-moneylaundering-investigation-into-venezuelan-oil-funds-that-implicates-nayib-bukele.html



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WEBVTT

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Hello, Hello, everyone.

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This is Carmen and Christina and this is Estoria Unknown,

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a podcast where we talk about Latin American history. Sometimes

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it's horrible and deals with table topics like racism, corruption,

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and genocide. But more than that, it's also bout resistance,

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power and community. I had a different topic ready for

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today's episode, but of course, after watching Benito Bowl, Oh

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my god, Benito bol Yes, all I wanted to do

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was talk about Puerto Rico. Bee fucking here exactly. So

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today I'm telling you about Marcos Siiro. Have you heard

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about Marco Sierro No I haven't. Oh well, he was

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an a slave black man who led an uprising against

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sugar cane plantation owners.

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Oh my god.

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It's so topical, so timely in eighteen twenty one. But

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before we get to that, let me give you some context. Context.

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We love context, we really do. So the Spanish were

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the first Europeans to introduce chattle slavery into the New World,

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to Cuba, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Chile. The Spanish

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arrived in Bodinquen, which is Puerto Rico's real name, in

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fourteen eighty three, and that was Christopher Columbus's second voyage

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from Spain into the New World quote unquote, hm. He

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had seventeen ships with around one thy five hundred men.

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He landed in the island on November nineteenth of that

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year and named it, like it didn't already have a name,

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but he named it San Juan Bautista. Well, it didn't

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have a name because he discovered it actually of course. Yeah, yeah,

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nothing existed before Christopher Columbus. No BC actually stands for

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before Columbus exactly, but the official colonization wouldn't begin until

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fifteen oh nine. When Columbus first landed, he was greeted

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by some tainos, who he then took back to Spain

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to show them the Spanish crown as examples of like, oh,

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look at all this fun stuff waiting for us in

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the New World, like as they were.

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The fun stuff for their stuff.

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Yeahs, yeah, he took back some dainos to show, like,

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look at this commodity waiting for us in the New World,

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which he also had like goal to show them. And

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so the Spanish then send another expedition in fifteen oh nine.

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Some sources at fifteen oh eight, and this expedition was

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led by Juan Ponte de Leon. I know that name,

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of course he should. And he arrived with the people

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which side note. One of them included a free black

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man named Juan Garrido, a conquistador from Congo.

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Oh wow. Yeah.

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So apparently he at some point left Congo of his

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own will, not like taken like others were taken from Congo,

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and he made his way to Portugal, where he converted

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to Catholicism. Wow yeah. And then at some point enslaved

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his own people. Yeah m hm, and assisted in the

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colonization of the New World. Oh wow, I know that.

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According to historian Ricardo Alegria, Juan Garrido was the first

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free African man to set foot on the island, and

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there were a few other free black men on this expedition.

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They were usually employed by someone Spanish or Portuguese, and like,

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if you take into account Brazil, but in this case

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the Spanish, and so Juan Garrido accompanied Juan ponzad Leon

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and his employer or associate, Pedro Garrido around the Caribbean.

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No relation. Oh well, let me tell you.

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It was common for these free black men to take

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the name of the last name of their Spanish like employers,

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because not all of them were enslaved. Some were enslaved

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and taken with them on these expeditions, but others went

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of their own free will, but usually like as assistance too,

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or like working under another Spanish colonizer. And they took

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their last names like they were just like giving.

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These new names or took these new names.

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Yeah, and so that's why he his last name is Garrido,

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like Pedro Garrido.

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Oh, it's Pedro Garrido.

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Was not another free black man, No, he is employer.

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Were both like free black men. They were brothers.

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It was crazy.

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Oh no, okay, this is his Spanish like boss. I

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guess you could say, okay. Yeah. And so Juan Garrido

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went with Juan de Leon and Pedro Garrido around the Caribbean,

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like helping in the colonization of Puerto Rico and all that.

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Later he joined at nan Cortes and the expedition to Mexico.

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Ew yeah m hm, and fully like participated and yeah,

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it was common for them to some not it was

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like not a huge number. It was like a small

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number of these African men who participated as voluntary expeditionaries.

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Conquissadors or axillaries is what they were known as their positions,

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I guess you could say, and like I said earlier,

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they were often given the last names of the Spanish employers. Okay, anyway,

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this expedition was met the one now in fifteen nine

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or eight, they met with Cacique Awuaevana, the leader of

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the Tainos, and Cacique Auevana tried to keep peace between

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the Tainos and the Spanish, but this would not last

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long because the Spanish came with the intention to mine

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the gold and to colonize of course, h So they

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quickly established rapartamiento, which was part of the encomenda system,

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and this made it so that each Spanish colonists would

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receive a fixed number of tainos available to them for

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forced and unpaid labor. Well.

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Thus in sleeping, the.

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Tainos and the Thaina were forced to work the gold mines,

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build Spanish forts do all their labor, and many died

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due to the conditions of this forced labor, as well

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as European diseases as well as like in just fighting

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their colonization. And that being said, of course, people don't

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just stand by and take their enslavement, Like, right, there's

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always uprisings resistance. Yeah, within a couple of years of

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fifteen o eight or nine, enslaved Tainos and Caribs, which

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isn't the other indigenous group that was like more in

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South Puerto Rico Celevan Tarn there was an uprising and

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so in fifteen eleven I Waibana the second trick, the

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Spanish colonizer named Diego Salcelo to go down to a

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river where he was ambushed and drowned. Drowned to prove

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that these Spanish colonizers were not gods but mere mortal men, okay,

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I mean with an experiment. Yeah, Sadly, this uprising was

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did with genocide. Juan Ponza Dalone ordered the shooting of

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six thousand Tainos and Caribes. Six thousand, I feel like

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that is like a hard number to grasp, like the

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just huge amount of people that was. Yeah, and so

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this this led many Tainos and Caribes to flee the island,

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die trying. Many chose to die by suicide then to

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be killed by the Spanish like suicide and infanticide basically

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became forms of rebellions, like a form of a revolution.

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Because that was better than what lay ahead, you know. Yeah,

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And many fled into the mountains to hide. But revolution persisted,

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as it always does, and there was another uprising in

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fifteen twelve, this time involving those enslaved by de Go Colone.

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Do you know who dey Go Colon is? His name

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sounds familiar?

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Oh my god?

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That week of the Christopher Columbus's son discussing if you

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remember in Spanish, he's what's his name, Christoval Cologne or

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Christopher Yeah, I don't remember, but yeah, the last name

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is Cologne.

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Anyway.

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Yeah, those enslaved by him rose up and this lasted

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a few months until the leaders of this uprising were

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captured and executed. After these two uprisings, Friar Bartolome the

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las Casas, a Spanish friar, protested the treatment of the

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Tainos to the Council of Burquos at the Spanish Court.

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He demanded their freedom, stating all of this was wrong.

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These were humans and future Christians and this was not

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a way for a future Christian to be treated because

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their mission in the New World was not to win, slave,

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to kill, to murder. It was to save the native

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population and to convert them to Christianity. And I mean,

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at least someone was speaking up for them, one of these,

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you know, colonizers. And so while he he was attempting

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to fight for the Tainos and for the Caribees, other

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Spanish colonists were also at this council, and they were

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worried about the last the loss of their labor. They

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argued that they needed this labor to work them to

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they're not going to work right, but for work to

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be done in the minds, to build their forts for

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sugar cane plantations.

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And as much as.

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The friar Bartolome fought for the Tainos, it seemed that

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in his fight for the Tainos, for the natives, he

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condemned Africans because from my from my understanding and my

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reading of multiple sources, it seems that it was his

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suggestion to free the Tainos, but to but to maintain

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a labor force. He was the one who suggested Africans. Yeah,

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didn't he say, like because they're soulless or they can't

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be civilized or something like that. Like, didn't he say,

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like because they're savages? And yeah, I think I just

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I think I listened to that when I was listening

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to what was I just listening harvest the vampire. Yeah,

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that's why that name is time is so familiar and

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so like terrible things continue to be terrible. Yeah, speaking

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of terrible, the Spanish ignored the friars please and continue

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to enslave the Tainos. But after this enslavement, this genocide, genocide,

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the sickness, like all of that, the population of the

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natives of bodinggen it was depleted. And so in fifteen seventeen,

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the Spanish granted each colonist the right to import twelve

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Africans to enslave. Oh my god, just all because they

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didn't want to do their fucking work, because they thought

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they were better than because God said they're better than

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everyone else. Fucked these people for real, No, for real,

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thus kicking off the slave trade in their colonies. In

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fifteen thirty there were one thy five hundred enslaved in

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Puerto Rico. In fifteen fifty five, that number was fifteen thousand. Damn,

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that's a big jump. It is a big jump, and

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it only got bigger by sixteen hundred, even though they

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of course were still around. The Tainos were completely removed

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from the census by the Spanish, and some could say

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that the condition of enslavement of Africans in Puerto Rico

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wasn't as terrible as like Cuba or Brazil, or like

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the US, because they were allowed some freedoms.

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They were given an area of land to maintain.

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For their own crops, they were allowed to have a family,

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some were provided A big number was provided education by

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their enslavers, which then allowed them to educate their children.

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And so the enslaves were seen as superior to the tainos.

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Really that's surprising, yes, because the Spanish felt that they were.

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It was easier for the enslaved Africans to assimilate to

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According to the Spanish, the enslaved Africans were more willing

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to learn Spanish, they were more willing to convert to Christianity.

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Maybe that's because they were enslaved, right and like taken

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taken from their homes and trafficked across the Atlantic.

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That's as ridiculous to me. They're so willing to learn,

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it's like bitch.

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They were enslaved, yes, exactly, and this put in the

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hierarchy of like the social classes or whatever regional classes.

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They were put above the tainos, which it was surprising

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to read about to me, but of course many continued

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their own religious practices in secret.

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Yeah.

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Over the years, Spanish and slavers had children with their

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enslaved as well as with Thino women, which is now

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where we get all the other classes that were later

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added on, like mestisos mulatos, there's like another, there's different

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categories and they're all, you know.

209
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Place in order of who's better.

210
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Mulatos were like, then are you a free one or

211
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an enslaved one? Am I? Who was time to come

212
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up with all these hierarchies man like, Well, they weren't working,

213
00:13:09.480 --> 00:13:12.720
so they are all the free time to hire, to

214
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cast people and rank them in Yeah, based on eugienis

215
00:13:17.879 --> 00:13:22.559
and racist beliefs exactly, That's why they had time. In

216
00:13:22.600 --> 00:13:27.000
seventeen eighty nine, El Negro, the Black Code was passed,

217
00:13:27.320 --> 00:13:30.360
which allowed an enslaved person to be freed under specific

218
00:13:30.399 --> 00:13:34.879
circumstances like purchasing themselves from their enslaver, which and I

219
00:13:34.879 --> 00:13:40.039
don't remember if you remember our episode on Celestina Correro.

220
00:13:41.600 --> 00:13:43.360
The name sounds familiar. Was she the one that was

221
00:13:43.399 --> 00:13:43.960
like a teacher?

222
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Yes, she's basically known as like the person who brought

223
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public education to Puerto Rico like her and her brother

224
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Rafael Correro. And in that episode, I was like, back,

225
00:13:56.799 --> 00:13:58.440
you know, hears ago movi we did that. I was like,

226
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I don't know how her father was born like a

227
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free black man.

228
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Oh, that's how.

229
00:14:04.960 --> 00:14:08.679
He purchased himself his freedom and then his children. So

230
00:14:08.720 --> 00:14:12.480
that's why they were enslaved. Yeah, So just in case

231
00:14:12.480 --> 00:14:18.000
any will listen to that's that's it was the Black Code. Also,

232
00:14:18.360 --> 00:14:21.360
this was a little more rare, but if a slave

233
00:14:22.279 --> 00:14:25.159
enslaver was found to be a traitor to the Spanish crown,

234
00:14:25.360 --> 00:14:28.159
it would make them free. Oh wow, Yeah, it was

235
00:14:28.240 --> 00:14:30.639
very rare for this to happen, but it was written

236
00:14:30.639 --> 00:14:33.399
in the Black Code. By this point, when the Black

237
00:14:33.440 --> 00:14:37.480
Code was written seventeen eighty nine, there were two hundred

238
00:14:37.519 --> 00:14:41.559
and sixty thousand enslaved, outnumbering the Spanish population, and then

239
00:14:41.600 --> 00:14:46.480
you add to that the mixed face population. They were outnumbered,

240
00:14:47.159 --> 00:14:50.440
which made them paranoid, and by eighteen seventy three there

241
00:14:50.480 --> 00:14:55.440
were more than twenty uprisings by the enslaved. In eighteen twelve,

242
00:14:55.519 --> 00:14:59.639
in the Puerto Rican capital San Juan Bautista, around Christmas,

243
00:15:00.000 --> 00:15:03.279
a conspiracy was spread. There was a rumor that the

244
00:15:03.279 --> 00:15:08.200
Spanish Cortes extra Ordinarias so like a court declared that

245
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slaves should be free, and then surrounding areas heard the

246
00:15:11.559 --> 00:15:14.960
same rumor, and it just spread and spread. It turned

247
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out that this was a bill proposed by a Mexican

248
00:15:18.399 --> 00:15:21.000
member of the so like. This was still not Mexico,

249
00:15:21.080 --> 00:15:24.639
but a Spanish person in Mexico proposed this bill to

250
00:15:24.679 --> 00:15:28.600
be applied to yeah, or for all the colonies oh

251
00:15:28.879 --> 00:15:32.600
ic ic Yeah, and so had this bill been passed,

252
00:15:32.639 --> 00:15:35.080
this would have abolished the slave trade. Oh okay, okay,

253
00:15:35.440 --> 00:15:40.679
and so Ramon power E Hieralt that's his last name,

254
00:15:42.159 --> 00:15:45.159
a Spanish naval hero and captain in the navy and

255
00:15:45.200 --> 00:15:48.320
a member of this court, was there when this was proposed,

256
00:15:48.360 --> 00:15:50.240
and he wrote a letter to his mom after this

257
00:15:50.679 --> 00:15:54.879
session court whatever, and he was apparently also one of

258
00:15:54.879 --> 00:15:59.120
the proposers of this bill anyway, So following the meeting session,

259
00:15:59.440 --> 00:16:02.799
he wrote to his mom that if this proposal was approved,

260
00:16:03.000 --> 00:16:06.360
then she should be the first to grant the people

261
00:16:06.799 --> 00:16:08.600
she enslaved their freedom.

262
00:16:08.799 --> 00:16:09.159
Okay.

263
00:16:09.679 --> 00:16:14.879
Somehow one of the enslaves like people under her found

264
00:16:14.960 --> 00:16:18.200
this letter and they spread the news. Only they said, hey,

265
00:16:18.200 --> 00:16:22.600
we're free. They like, I don't know, misconstrued the letter. Yeah,

266
00:16:22.799 --> 00:16:25.840
and so that's how the rumor spread, which led to

267
00:16:26.080 --> 00:16:31.360
several confrontations between enslaved, the military and enslavers, which was

268
00:16:31.440 --> 00:16:36.840
just like contributing to unrest that spread from San Juan

269
00:16:37.240 --> 00:16:40.799
to surrounding areas. This was worsened by the fact that

270
00:16:40.879 --> 00:16:44.759
in eighteen eleven, before this letter, slavery was abolished in

271
00:16:44.799 --> 00:16:50.000
Spain itself, the motherland of Spain, but not in the colonies,

272
00:16:50.200 --> 00:16:53.440
and they're not applied to the colonies, so Gouba, Puerto Rico,

273
00:16:53.519 --> 00:16:58.639
San Domingo didn't apply and slave Cubans. They began to revolt,

274
00:16:58.960 --> 00:17:02.000
causing unrest in the region, and of course, like adding

275
00:17:02.039 --> 00:17:05.599
to this, the Haitian Revolution is also happening. In eighteen twelve, though,

276
00:17:05.720 --> 00:17:09.599
adding fuel to the fire, there was again another rumor,

277
00:17:09.720 --> 00:17:11.640
Oh no, sorry, this is the same letter, the rumor

278
00:17:11.680 --> 00:17:15.640
that slavery had been abolished, and so enslaved people began

279
00:17:15.680 --> 00:17:19.480
to demand their freedom, stand up to their enslavers. Again,

280
00:17:19.599 --> 00:17:24.359
people were arrested. There was clashes between these people, between

281
00:17:24.400 --> 00:17:34.000
the groups and Encorto. The unrest grew and grew, which

282
00:17:34.119 --> 00:17:37.720
leads us to Marcos Sierro, who led one of these

283
00:17:37.799 --> 00:17:43.440
uprisings okay or attempted uprisings. Marcos Sierro was the name

284
00:17:43.480 --> 00:17:45.799
he was given. His real name and origin story have

285
00:17:45.920 --> 00:17:49.039
been lost to history. It is not known where he

286
00:17:49.200 --> 00:17:52.160
was born, what region of Africa he was trafficked from.

287
00:17:52.279 --> 00:17:54.799
Like these details have been lost. All we know is

288
00:17:54.839 --> 00:17:57.480
that Marco Sierro is a name he was given and

289
00:17:57.480 --> 00:18:02.000
that he was enslaved by a man named Aimed Vicente Andino,

290
00:18:02.559 --> 00:18:06.319
a militia captain who owned a sugar plantation in Bayamon

291
00:18:06.680 --> 00:18:10.839
and Bayamon, by the way, by this year eighteen twenty one,

292
00:18:10.960 --> 00:18:14.640
was the leading producer of sugar in island through the

293
00:18:14.799 --> 00:18:19.200
hands of the enslaves, not the Spanish. Marcos Sierro planned

294
00:18:19.319 --> 00:18:22.359
this uprising to take place on July twenty seventh, eighteen

295
00:18:22.359 --> 00:18:26.319
twenty one, during religious during the religious celebrations dedicated to

296
00:18:26.400 --> 00:18:31.640
Saint James, because they would be distracted exactly, and sugar

297
00:18:31.720 --> 00:18:36.000
cane fields were vital to his plan for the uprising

298
00:18:36.240 --> 00:18:40.200
and so seeing those sugar kinge fields during the Benito

299
00:18:40.279 --> 00:18:44.839
Bowl beautiful. So this uprising was to take place at

300
00:18:44.880 --> 00:18:48.680
midnight and it involved different groups of other enslaved from

301
00:18:48.880 --> 00:18:53.519
neighboring aciendas in Bayamon, which included Angus McBean.

302
00:18:53.720 --> 00:18:54.880
What the fucking name is.

303
00:18:54.799 --> 00:19:05.079
That, Angus McBean, Cornelius Courtrightlino and Fernando Fernandez. And so yeah,

304
00:19:05.079 --> 00:19:08.400
I'm enslaved from these I say, that's we're all part

305
00:19:08.440 --> 00:19:11.359
of this plan. They were to escape their plantations and

306
00:19:11.480 --> 00:19:15.799
mean at the sugar cane fields of the enslaver Miguel Figetis.

307
00:19:16.279 --> 00:19:20.119
There they would grab swords already hidden in a bundle

308
00:19:20.279 --> 00:19:24.359
of cut cane, which would be they are ready for

309
00:19:24.400 --> 00:19:26.079
them across the path in the field.

310
00:19:26.440 --> 00:19:27.880
Smart, smart, very.

311
00:19:28.319 --> 00:19:30.839
Then they would start their attack at the mayor's house

312
00:19:31.240 --> 00:19:32.960
and the next part of the plan was to set

313
00:19:33.000 --> 00:19:36.079
fire to the town and cut the throat of all whites.

314
00:19:36.759 --> 00:19:39.920
Which listen, you won't you won't find me judging that

315
00:19:40.000 --> 00:19:44.759
because these are people signing up to their oppressors. I mean,

316
00:19:44.839 --> 00:19:48.680
they had no freedom at all, Like what would you

317
00:19:48.839 --> 00:19:52.519
do for your freedom? Yeah, And it is the right

318
00:19:52.559 --> 00:19:55.880
of all to stand up against oppressors in whatever means

319
00:19:56.359 --> 00:20:00.880
they find right to them. You know. Yeah, it's because

320
00:20:01.920 --> 00:20:04.200
there's people that are like if you guys were around

321
00:20:05.279 --> 00:20:11.359
during like slavery, slavery, you would be like justifying it. Yeah,

322
00:20:11.599 --> 00:20:14.279
people saying that now about other people, you know. Anyway,

323
00:20:14.640 --> 00:20:19.680
Mario and Pedro another two enslaved from one of these

324
00:20:19.720 --> 00:20:23.519
other aciendas. They would then inform another group to carry

325
00:20:23.519 --> 00:20:27.200
out the same plan and another plantation, and so there

326
00:20:27.200 --> 00:20:31.640
were four separate groups to cover the four corners of Bayamon,

327
00:20:32.079 --> 00:20:35.119
and after taking Bayamon, they would march for the capital

328
00:20:35.519 --> 00:20:40.319
San Juan. Their meeting point was the Martin Pegna Bridge,

329
00:20:40.720 --> 00:20:44.319
where the other groups from Rio Piedras, Palos Eco and

330
00:20:45.240 --> 00:20:49.160
Guaynabo would be there waiting for them. Then all of

331
00:20:49.200 --> 00:20:52.519
these groups would head for the Media Floridas Hill district

332
00:20:52.880 --> 00:20:55.599
where they would declare. One source said Mario would be

333
00:20:55.599 --> 00:20:58.720
declared king, but another sort of said Marco Sierro, which

334
00:20:58.720 --> 00:21:00.480
makes more sense to me because he's the one was

335
00:21:00.519 --> 00:21:03.359
like the liner of it. Yeah, yeah, so that's the

336
00:21:03.359 --> 00:21:05.680
one that makes for sense. But both sources named or

337
00:21:05.720 --> 00:21:09.680
different sources named these two separate people. But unfortunately the

338
00:21:09.720 --> 00:21:13.119
plan never came to fruition because of an enslaved person

339
00:21:13.200 --> 00:21:18.359
named Ambrosio who was loyal to his enslaver Miguel Figettis,

340
00:21:18.400 --> 00:21:20.960
which is the plantation where they were supposed to meet.

341
00:21:21.039 --> 00:21:21.839
Yeah.

342
00:21:22.079 --> 00:21:24.519
Plus, and I don't know if it's as much as

343
00:21:24.519 --> 00:21:27.160
that he was like loyal to his enslaver or that

344
00:21:27.240 --> 00:21:30.400
he had an incentive to snitch, right, And this is

345
00:21:30.440 --> 00:21:31.680
how these systems are set up.

346
00:21:32.119 --> 00:21:34.319
This is why they made this back.

347
00:21:34.200 --> 00:21:38.680
Then, with encouraging like people to snitch on each other,

348
00:21:39.759 --> 00:21:43.440
creating that system of hierarchy with the house what they

349
00:21:43.440 --> 00:21:47.200
call the house slaves right against the fuel slaves. The

350
00:21:48.160 --> 00:21:49.799
I forgot the name, but the person who would be

351
00:21:49.880 --> 00:21:52.960
like punishing the enslaved people, oh yeah, the out line,

352
00:21:53.359 --> 00:21:56.599
and some people call him enforcers. Sometimes they were called

353
00:21:57.440 --> 00:22:00.880
like aciendas and like they use the same the same system,

354
00:22:00.960 --> 00:22:03.759
the same system, and all the way to present day

355
00:22:04.160 --> 00:22:06.839
with the hotlines being set up to snitch on your

356
00:22:06.880 --> 00:22:12.119
neighbor in Latin America for example, of it or yes, exactly, yeah,

357
00:22:12.160 --> 00:22:15.960
And so the Spanish colony, the government they rewarded any

358
00:22:16.000 --> 00:22:19.680
enslaved person who reported these kinds of conspiracies by paying

359
00:22:19.680 --> 00:22:22.960
them five hundred vessels, which would buy their freedom.

360
00:22:23.359 --> 00:22:23.720
Damn.

361
00:22:23.839 --> 00:22:27.519
I mean, I feel like anybody could fall for this

362
00:22:27.759 --> 00:22:29.519
or be like, well, my freedom.

363
00:22:29.319 --> 00:22:29.799
It's hard.

364
00:22:29.880 --> 00:22:32.039
I think a lot a lot of times people think

365
00:22:32.079 --> 00:22:36.400
about themselves like, oh my freedom, I'm okay right now,

366
00:22:37.319 --> 00:22:39.640
So I don't really care what happens to other people.

367
00:22:40.039 --> 00:22:45.039
Yeah exactly, So I'm Brossio told on them, and Miguel

368
00:22:45.079 --> 00:22:48.680
Figuettes went to the mayor, who quickly mobilized five hundred soldiers.

369
00:22:49.359 --> 00:22:53.960
These soldiers then pursued and captured the conspirators. Sixty one

370
00:22:54.480 --> 00:22:58.000
were in prison in Baiamon and San Juan, but Marcos

371
00:22:58.039 --> 00:23:01.799
Sierro managed to escape this this time, but he was

372
00:23:01.839 --> 00:23:06.640
caught on August fourteenth in Mayagues. The next actually, the

373
00:23:06.720 --> 00:23:09.319
day after he was caught, August fifteenth, eighteen twenty one,

374
00:23:09.839 --> 00:23:13.880
the court trials against the sixty one were completed, and seventeen,

375
00:23:13.960 --> 00:23:18.119
who were named the planners, the leaders of the yeah

376
00:23:18.200 --> 00:23:21.759
ring leaders, they were executed and it's not confirmed, it

377
00:23:21.799 --> 00:23:26.680
was never documented, but Marcocierro, he was tried separately, and

378
00:23:26.720 --> 00:23:29.920
like the outcome of that trial is not written anywhere,

379
00:23:29.920 --> 00:23:32.880
but it's likely that he was also executed. Oh so

380
00:23:32.920 --> 00:23:36.160
there's like just no information after that about him. Yeah, oh,

381
00:23:36.240 --> 00:23:38.440
I mean it makes sense if he was the leader

382
00:23:38.680 --> 00:23:43.519
of it, yeah, exactly. The Spanish believes that Jean Pierre Boyer,

383
00:23:43.880 --> 00:23:50.000
the then president of it Haiti had assisted the conspirators

384
00:23:50.000 --> 00:23:55.319
of this uprising, and they were correct. The Haitian the

385
00:23:55.359 --> 00:23:59.839
Haitian government was trying to help all the enslaved because

386
00:23:59.839 --> 00:24:03.400
they were like, well, we rose up, we were able

387
00:24:03.440 --> 00:24:06.680
to end slavery through this uprising, and they wanted the

388
00:24:06.720 --> 00:24:12.079
same for their people, of course, so yeah, they.

389
00:24:11.680 --> 00:24:14.039
They helped, they helped, and what and what.

390
00:24:14.039 --> 00:24:17.160
And well which And at the same time, there was

391
00:24:17.240 --> 00:24:22.279
uprisings in Cuba also happening, and more smaller revolts continue

392
00:24:22.359 --> 00:24:26.200
to take place, leading up to El Grito de Lattice,

393
00:24:26.480 --> 00:24:30.440
which I assume you know what this is. No Eldo

394
00:24:30.640 --> 00:24:36.680
Latte began Puerto Rico's independence, the war for independence against

395
00:24:36.720 --> 00:24:41.079
pain and at eight oh I love it, yeah, same, same, Yes,

396
00:24:41.119 --> 00:24:47.440
we love a grito, but that's what it's called. Which many,

397
00:24:48.319 --> 00:24:54.960
many enslaved participated in this uprising, which sometimes they're left

398
00:24:54.960 --> 00:24:57.759
out of the narrative. But yeah, they were a big

399
00:24:57.799 --> 00:25:00.960
part of the war. I mean sense that they wouldn't

400
00:25:00.960 --> 00:25:02.960
want to be that, they would want to be independent

401
00:25:03.039 --> 00:25:05.640
of Spain, the country that was enslaving them, you know,

402
00:25:05.839 --> 00:25:12.400
exactly exactly. And slavery wouldn't be officially abolished until March

403
00:25:12.440 --> 00:25:15.839
twenty second, eighteen seventy three. And even then it wasn't

404
00:25:15.960 --> 00:25:19.160
a full emancipation. They had to the enslaves had to

405
00:25:19.200 --> 00:25:23.200
buy their own freedom at whatever price their enslavers set. Bullshit,

406
00:25:24.519 --> 00:25:26.960
And so because of this, many continue to work for

407
00:25:27.000 --> 00:25:31.039
their former enslavers under a type of indentured servitude, which

408
00:25:31.079 --> 00:25:36.160
is another form of enslavement. But this indentured servitude did

409
00:25:36.240 --> 00:25:40.039
have a limit of three years, and so if they

410
00:25:40.079 --> 00:25:43.279
didn't pay their price set by the enslaver by those

411
00:25:43.319 --> 00:25:46.359
three years, they would still be free. So within the

412
00:25:46.359 --> 00:25:51.359
three years with yes, exactly, and of course leaving out

413
00:25:51.359 --> 00:25:53.799
of this because we're only talking about like a brief

414
00:25:53.839 --> 00:25:57.200
history of slavery in Puerto Rico along with the uprising

415
00:25:57.400 --> 00:26:02.480
of Marco Sierro being out, like when the US then

416
00:26:02.599 --> 00:26:07.200
invaded what you have talked about in other episodes we have, Yeah,

417
00:26:07.359 --> 00:26:12.079
but after las and after winning the war against Spain,

418
00:26:12.359 --> 00:26:16.079
it was like the US helped with their own interests

419
00:26:16.119 --> 00:26:19.519
in mind, you don't, Yeah, and that a whole other

420
00:26:21.279 --> 00:26:24.200
thing which we have talked about and we will continue

421
00:26:24.240 --> 00:26:28.200
to talk about. Yeah, And so yeah, that was the

422
00:26:28.240 --> 00:26:35.039
story of Marcos. Okay, cool, cool, love that hate that

423
00:26:35.559 --> 00:26:39.079
it didn't work. How different things might have been. I

424
00:26:39.079 --> 00:26:46.720
always think about that. And now we have something we

425
00:26:46.759 --> 00:26:49.160
haven't done in a while, but we do do it

426
00:26:49.200 --> 00:26:53.960
once in a while our b Bulsha tegment. Yes, and

427
00:26:54.200 --> 00:26:56.279
if a new year and wondering why we do this,

428
00:26:56.359 --> 00:27:02.000
it's because we are we don't like dictatorships. So that

429
00:27:02.200 --> 00:27:04.519
also that I can't even remember when we first started

430
00:27:04.559 --> 00:27:05.799
our book le Bucha segment.

431
00:27:05.920 --> 00:27:07.400
It's been a minute. It's been a minute.

432
00:27:07.480 --> 00:27:10.200
I think it's like three years ago or so. Yeah,

433
00:27:10.440 --> 00:27:13.680
I don't know when the podcast started. Shortly after and yeah,

434
00:27:14.920 --> 00:27:19.640
pretty recent after we started. Yeah, okay, So back in January,

435
00:27:19.920 --> 00:27:23.480
Costa Rica hosted Want to Be President but Actual Dictator

436
00:27:23.559 --> 00:27:28.400
Bukele to inaugurate their new mega prison, Yes, modeled after

437
00:27:28.480 --> 00:27:32.440
Secote and constructed with the help of the Bukel administration.

438
00:27:32.920 --> 00:27:36.960
And there Bukell said the following quote everything we did

439
00:27:36.960 --> 00:27:39.799
in se quote will be replicated any Costa Rican version

440
00:27:40.119 --> 00:27:44.880
end quote. This facility is going to be named CaCO

441
00:27:45.000 --> 00:27:50.119
unfortunate name. Yeah, sorry to say, yeah, Center for High

442
00:27:50.119 --> 00:27:54.000
Containment of Organized Crime, and it's eleven miles outside of

443
00:27:54.039 --> 00:27:56.960
San Jose, the capital of Costa Rica. It will have

444
00:27:57.000 --> 00:28:01.920
the capacity of five one hundred inmates, which increases the

445
00:28:01.920 --> 00:28:06.440
country's prison capacity by forty percent. Surely this prison will

446
00:28:06.440 --> 00:28:11.519
be put to good slash evil use. As the right

447
00:28:11.519 --> 00:28:15.279
wing candidate Lauda Fernandez Selgado won the election on these

448
00:28:15.319 --> 00:28:19.319
seconds of February, and some say with US interference, which

449
00:28:19.359 --> 00:28:25.680
I fully believe. Yeah, crist inside She and the previous

450
00:28:25.720 --> 00:28:30.079
president Chavis of the same party. So they both ran

451
00:28:30.200 --> 00:28:35.240
on platforms that mentioned mass imprisonment, but as always disguised

452
00:28:35.720 --> 00:28:39.039
as safety, right right, Like they said safety in their speeches,

453
00:28:39.079 --> 00:28:42.000
but like we're saying it as what it really is,

454
00:28:42.000 --> 00:28:46.880
mass imprisonment, and under the message of safety is always

455
00:28:47.079 --> 00:28:51.759
usually underlying a system, a carcural system of mass imprisonment.

456
00:28:51.880 --> 00:28:54.400
Like that's just usually how things.

457
00:28:54.240 --> 00:28:56.319
Are, because they never say what they mean, right, because

458
00:28:56.319 --> 00:28:58.119
if they said what they meant, no one would be

459
00:28:58.160 --> 00:29:01.400
for it. Like family value, Oh what does that actually mean?

460
00:29:02.480 --> 00:29:09.680
Oppressing anyone who doesn't fit into the heteronormative pattern, you know, Yeah,

461
00:29:09.799 --> 00:29:11.839
although people would probably support that too if they just

462
00:29:11.839 --> 00:29:14.839
outright send it. No true, yeah, but anyway, And speaking

463
00:29:14.880 --> 00:29:18.960
of writing presidents in Latin America, Chile's president cast son

464
00:29:19.000 --> 00:29:25.599
of a Nazi literal son of a Nazi visited in

465
00:29:25.640 --> 00:29:28.480
Saralo at the end of January to tour sikop and

466
00:29:28.559 --> 00:29:33.160
to discuss adopting and Sarlod's security measures to Chile. And

467
00:29:33.319 --> 00:29:38.039
just another reminder, he's the son of a Nazi and

468
00:29:38.079 --> 00:29:40.799
not only that, but his older brother was a Chicago

469
00:29:40.880 --> 00:29:44.359
boy for Pinochet, which we have pet episodes on. If

470
00:29:44.359 --> 00:29:45.960
you like you're like, what is what is all this?

471
00:29:46.079 --> 00:29:47.880
What is what does this mean? We'll listen to our

472
00:29:47.960 --> 00:29:51.160
series on Pinochet and then a separate episode on the

473
00:29:51.240 --> 00:29:54.880
Chicago the School of Chicago. Yeah, and gust himself as

474
00:29:54.960 --> 00:29:57.839
reminisced on the good old days of the Dictatorship mind you,

475
00:29:57.880 --> 00:30:02.079
a seventeen year brutal dictator ship where thousands died and

476
00:30:02.119 --> 00:30:09.440
were tortured, others were stolen, Yes, appeared m the thrown

477
00:30:09.519 --> 00:30:13.000
out of planes into the sea. And he's like, oh

478
00:30:13.079 --> 00:30:15.839
I do shure missiles, good old days. It's nostalgic for him,

479
00:30:16.400 --> 00:30:19.759
Oh my god. And he's also stated his admiration for

480
00:30:19.920 --> 00:30:22.880
Ice and there are military style raids on Mi Greet

481
00:30:22.880 --> 00:30:26.319
communities in the US. And of course he loves Trump

482
00:30:26.359 --> 00:30:30.400
and Buckle bad times, bad times everywhere. Yes, speaking of

483
00:30:30.440 --> 00:30:35.519
Trump and yes. These two were just at the National

484
00:30:35.599 --> 00:30:39.599
Prayer Breakfast where both he and Trump spoke Buokla and Trump.

485
00:30:40.000 --> 00:30:40.240
Yes.

486
00:30:40.720 --> 00:30:44.839
And for those wondering what the National Prayer Breakfast, I

487
00:30:44.839 --> 00:30:47.119
actually learned about this because I was watching a documentary

488
00:30:48.279 --> 00:30:50.000
about Oh my God.

489
00:30:50.200 --> 00:30:51.640
C Street. Have you heard of that?

490
00:30:52.119 --> 00:30:56.799
No, it's like a Christian nationalist almost like secret group

491
00:30:57.400 --> 00:31:00.000
that wait, I know you forget it.

492
00:31:00.119 --> 00:31:02.599
Family. Yeah, the Family. I've done this.

493
00:31:02.839 --> 00:31:06.000
I've heard of this, and I think the documentary is

494
00:31:06.039 --> 00:31:09.160
called The Family, if I remembering right, yes, yeah, And

495
00:31:09.240 --> 00:31:13.319
so anyway, there are fixtures at the National Prayer Breakfast,

496
00:31:14.599 --> 00:31:17.920
and it's supposed to be well, it's a yearly event

497
00:31:18.039 --> 00:31:21.640
held in DC, usually the first Thursday in February. Also,

498
00:31:21.680 --> 00:31:23.839
I was watching a video and there was two National

499
00:31:23.880 --> 00:31:26.000
Prayer Breakfasts this year, but I'm not sure why.

500
00:31:26.079 --> 00:31:27.720
But I did.

501
00:31:28.400 --> 00:31:31.160
I went during that from the New Evangelicals YouTube channel.

502
00:31:31.200 --> 00:31:33.559
Someone that I know why. I was going to look

503
00:31:33.559 --> 00:31:36.400
into that, but I forgot about it. So it's supposed

504
00:31:36.440 --> 00:31:38.680
to be very sorry, I'm just laughing about that. It's

505
00:31:38.680 --> 00:31:42.319
supposed to be a bipartisan event of spiritual reflection, but

506
00:31:42.400 --> 00:31:46.519
it's more like a right wing Christian nationalist thing. Dwight

507
00:31:46.559 --> 00:31:49.880
Eisenhower was the first to attend one, but they've been

508
00:31:49.920 --> 00:31:52.920
happening for seventy plus years and since then, presidents have

509
00:31:52.920 --> 00:31:57.359
attended every year since Eisenhower. So at this year's National

510
00:31:57.400 --> 00:32:02.200
Prayer Breakfast, Bugelet credit credited God for the crackdown on

511
00:32:02.240 --> 00:32:05.640
gang violence. He said, it's impossible to have such big

512
00:32:05.720 --> 00:32:07.480
change without the intervention of God.

513
00:32:07.839 --> 00:32:09.240
And it's like, bitch, that was all you.

514
00:32:09.319 --> 00:32:12.720
What do you talk about? That was you and your corruption. Yeah,

515
00:32:12.759 --> 00:32:16.839
and colluding with the gangs. Yeah, like every other fucking

516
00:32:16.880 --> 00:32:21.759
president has before. Anyone's like, shut up, we know everyone

517
00:32:21.759 --> 00:32:22.400
else did too.

518
00:32:23.000 --> 00:32:23.240
Yeah.

519
00:32:24.559 --> 00:32:27.960
Then you ACQ saw therowing gangs of worshiping Satan. Oh

520
00:32:28.039 --> 00:32:32.279
my god, ridiculous, And that the Satan worshiping gangs operate

521
00:32:32.319 --> 00:32:34.680
in the US too, and he said he said the

522
00:32:34.720 --> 00:32:38.279
gangs didn't just murder, rape, extort, they also worship Sayan

523
00:32:38.640 --> 00:32:42.039
just straight up literally end a quote. He said, he

524
00:32:42.119 --> 00:32:44.839
said that just straight up, straight up literally.

525
00:32:44.440 --> 00:32:45.039
Oh my god.

526
00:32:45.079 --> 00:32:47.920
I can't with him. Well, he's the coolest dictator, so

527
00:32:48.319 --> 00:32:51.680
there is. I don't think they straight up like literally

528
00:32:51.799 --> 00:32:55.319
worship Satan, but some adutles do have like devil horn.

529
00:32:57.519 --> 00:33:00.680
So I don't this essentially did it's wrong.

530
00:33:01.759 --> 00:33:04.079
He might be right about this, but also let's remember

531
00:33:04.559 --> 00:33:09.359
that not everyone in prison at SECOD or any other

532
00:33:09.559 --> 00:33:12.400
prison in the Lord is a gang member. A lot

533
00:33:12.480 --> 00:33:14.960
of people are not. They're just accused of gag member.

534
00:33:15.559 --> 00:33:18.920
But due process has been suspended four years now because

535
00:33:18.920 --> 00:33:21.359
of the state of exception. So exactly, the state doesn't

536
00:33:21.359 --> 00:33:23.440
have to prove that you're a gay member. They just

537
00:33:23.480 --> 00:33:25.279
say you're a gay member and arrest you.

538
00:33:25.799 --> 00:33:26.039
Yeah.

539
00:33:26.200 --> 00:33:29.279
Yeah, so there's that. Yes, yes, we had to Yeah,

540
00:33:29.319 --> 00:33:33.000
of course clarify that. Also at the prayer breakfast, Trump

541
00:33:33.079 --> 00:33:40.039
took the opportunity to accumulate his famib and reinforced racist

542
00:33:40.039 --> 00:33:42.319
tropes about Soudorians. Oh and so he went on to

543
00:33:42.400 --> 00:33:46.200
repeat what he always says about Southdorians not sending their best,

544
00:33:46.519 --> 00:33:49.559
how their the meanest and with vicious criminals, and that

545
00:33:49.640 --> 00:33:52.920
he send us some bad ones and is it true

546
00:33:52.960 --> 00:33:54.839
you won't send us a few of your good ones?

547
00:33:55.160 --> 00:33:56.400
And he straight up said that.

548
00:33:56.680 --> 00:33:59.640
He turned to him, straight up, literally, he's straight to

549
00:34:00.039 --> 00:34:03.440
He just straight up literally turned to Bukele and literally

550
00:34:03.440 --> 00:34:07.200
directed that Abu Yeah, and Bukela is like just smiling

551
00:34:07.279 --> 00:34:10.519
like a dumb ass, what's going on? And which Trump

552
00:34:10.639 --> 00:34:13.880
and then trumped, Yeah, literally, I saw this exchange. I'm like,

553
00:34:14.119 --> 00:34:17.119
you're you're stupid, You're all stupid. Trump was like, look,

554
00:34:17.119 --> 00:34:18.119
he's just going on.

555
00:34:18.519 --> 00:34:19.920
He's just sitting there. What's going on.

556
00:34:20.320 --> 00:34:22.440
It's like, what's going on? He's like, but you're not

557
00:34:22.440 --> 00:34:23.960
supposed to make fun of me in person like this

558
00:34:24.159 --> 00:34:27.360
or in public like this, right right. And one more

559
00:34:27.440 --> 00:34:31.360
update it was reported by empayis that on February ninth,

560
00:34:31.519 --> 00:34:36.000
and Sarlo's Attorney General froze a money laundering investigation into

561
00:34:36.119 --> 00:34:40.559
Venezuelan oil funds that implicated Bukele. According to the investigation,

562
00:34:40.719 --> 00:34:44.280
the president received nearly three point three million dollars from

563
00:34:44.280 --> 00:34:49.239
companies linked to Alba Petroleos consortium. The case was opened

564
00:34:49.239 --> 00:34:52.800
in twenty nineteen by then Attorney General Raul Melara, who

565
00:34:52.840 --> 00:34:57.360
was investigating Bukelets administration for alleged corruption and supposed to

566
00:34:57.440 --> 00:35:02.159
packs with Msertine and Barrio Diso Gains. Melaa was removed

567
00:35:02.440 --> 00:35:05.159
from from office on May first, twenty twenty one.

568
00:35:05.440 --> 00:35:06.039
The same day.

569
00:35:06.119 --> 00:35:08.239
The same day, the ruling party took full control of

570
00:35:08.280 --> 00:35:12.400
the Legislative Assembly, preventing the investigation from moving forward to

571
00:35:12.440 --> 00:35:14.559
the court, which is one step and the ladder of

572
00:35:14.599 --> 00:35:16.840
authoritianism that Bukela was enacting.

573
00:35:17.480 --> 00:35:17.719
Yes.

574
00:35:17.960 --> 00:35:23.599
Yeah, that day, lawmakers aligned with Bukele also dismissed, also

575
00:35:23.639 --> 00:35:26.920
dismissed the justices of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme

576
00:35:27.000 --> 00:35:31.800
Court and appointed five replacements who were loyalists loyal to Bukele.

577
00:35:32.119 --> 00:35:35.119
Get another step in the latter. Yeah.

578
00:35:35.599 --> 00:35:37.159
On May thirty first, twenty.

579
00:35:36.960 --> 00:35:40.360
Nineteen, one day before Bukele took office, the Attorney General's

580
00:35:40.400 --> 00:35:44.559
Office Andre Melaa raided the offices of Alba Petrolios and

581
00:35:44.639 --> 00:35:48.719
Sarvalo SEM and twenty seven other companies linked to this group,

582
00:35:49.239 --> 00:35:55.719
including Alba Limentos SA, Alba Gas SA, and innes valosas S,

583
00:35:56.320 --> 00:36:00.159
a firm supposedly dedicated to financing real estate projects. Two

584
00:36:00.199 --> 00:36:03.639
former prosecutors with direct knowledge of the case saying two

585
00:36:03.639 --> 00:36:06.760
former prosecutors that were fired of course, yeah, of course

586
00:36:06.760 --> 00:36:09.960
they were fired because let's say, actually investigating, yeah, and

587
00:36:10.039 --> 00:36:13.440
trying to hold Bokele in his regime to account.

588
00:36:13.880 --> 00:36:15.880
So of course they were fired. Yeah.

589
00:36:15.960 --> 00:36:19.880
And so they said that as of December, there's been

590
00:36:19.920 --> 00:36:22.519
no progress in this infistigation because of course that's why

591
00:36:22.519 --> 00:36:24.239
they were fired, so that there would be no more

592
00:36:24.239 --> 00:36:27.800
progress in this investigation. Quote, not a single sheet of

593
00:36:27.800 --> 00:36:30.519
paper has moved in that file since the legato arrived

594
00:36:30.559 --> 00:36:34.840
at the Attorney General's office. The outcome of that investigation

595
00:36:35.000 --> 00:36:37.320
is not convenient for him or for the president. One

596
00:36:37.320 --> 00:36:41.079
of them said, under the condition of anonym noonymity and

597
00:36:41.159 --> 00:36:45.239
noonymity economic clothes enough, okay, And of course they're afraid

598
00:36:45.239 --> 00:36:45.880
for their lives.

599
00:36:46.039 --> 00:36:47.599
People people run away.

600
00:36:47.519 --> 00:36:57.400
From a load for actually investigating crimes, alleged crimes, and

601
00:36:57.440 --> 00:37:01.599
for exposing his wrongdoing, and for that, if they don't

602
00:37:01.719 --> 00:37:04.639
run away and escape, they are put in prison.

603
00:37:04.880 --> 00:37:06.880
And I think him.

604
00:37:06.480 --> 00:37:10.840
Boule at this National Prayer breakfast stating and repeating how

605
00:37:10.960 --> 00:37:15.239
the Satan worshiping gangsters are in the US two is

606
00:37:15.280 --> 00:37:18.800
paving the path for tps to be taken away from Salvadorians.

607
00:37:18.880 --> 00:37:21.079
Oh yeah, so they can be deported back to Sarador.

608
00:37:21.199 --> 00:37:24.280
So then he can imprison more people, not only in SECO,

609
00:37:24.400 --> 00:37:27.679
but all of the prisons. And SECO is one of

610
00:37:27.719 --> 00:37:31.400
the most eyes on it. But there's rest tons of prisons.

611
00:37:31.719 --> 00:37:32.039
Yeah.

612
00:37:32.920 --> 00:37:35.840
Also worth pointing out. I don't know if I wrote

613
00:37:35.840 --> 00:37:38.800
it in these notes. Actually it was kind of del Gato,

614
00:37:38.800 --> 00:37:41.800
the Attorney General, is also implicated in this investigation that

615
00:37:41.840 --> 00:37:45.679
he froze. I don't think you had wrote it, but

616
00:37:45.719 --> 00:37:48.039
it was kind of assumed like when yeah, I didn't

617
00:37:48.039 --> 00:37:50.239
implicity you write it. But just to make it very clear,

618
00:37:51.000 --> 00:37:54.400
they are both implicated in this and this is the

619
00:37:54.440 --> 00:37:57.960
first time that has been accused of some sort of

620
00:37:58.000 --> 00:38:02.400
fraud like backing COVID that money went to him and

621
00:38:02.440 --> 00:38:04.800
his friend and his family, not to the people of

622
00:38:05.840 --> 00:38:08.440
going back to his days as mayor.

623
00:38:09.840 --> 00:38:12.960
Yes, so yeah, so what.

624
00:38:12.880 --> 00:38:17.960
Was that thing you would always say, stupid slogan, no,

625
00:38:17.960 --> 00:38:20.280
no file does some shit like that. It wasn't that exactly,

626
00:38:20.320 --> 00:38:21.840
but it was the one that sentiment and it's like, yeah,

627
00:38:21.880 --> 00:38:26.840
you first, you first stopped sealing from the people. Yeah,

628
00:38:27.320 --> 00:38:30.719
so yeah, yeah, those are some updates on book at

629
00:38:30.719 --> 00:38:31.199
it because.

630
00:38:31.000 --> 00:38:33.800
It's been a while. It has been a minute, it has.

631
00:38:34.119 --> 00:38:37.199
Okay, I guess this brings us to the end of

632
00:38:37.360 --> 00:38:40.880
the episode. Yeah, I believe. So thank you everyone for listening.

633
00:38:41.519 --> 00:38:47.559
If you have enjoyed our podcast this topic, recommend to

634
00:38:47.800 --> 00:38:50.760
a history loving friend, a tees my loving friend. Rate

635
00:38:50.840 --> 00:38:55.480
us please five stars, give us a nice little review. Also,

636
00:38:55.840 --> 00:38:58.880
if you listen on Spotify, you still use that leave

637
00:38:58.960 --> 00:39:01.400
us a five star rating because every time we mentioned Brook,

638
00:39:01.719 --> 00:39:05.039
we start getting bombarded with the one stars. Yeah, just

639
00:39:05.079 --> 00:39:10.239
for saying the truth. Yeah, I mean not cool, not cool,

640
00:39:10.320 --> 00:39:13.000
So yeah, very uno. Feel free to do that, leave

641
00:39:13.079 --> 00:39:17.199
us five stars there especially, but anywhere everywhere you listen,

642
00:39:18.239 --> 00:39:21.159
you can also leave a comment and yeah, we hope

643
00:39:21.199 --> 00:39:23.760
that this was one less Estoria Unknown for you.

644
00:39:24.360 --> 00:39:25.639
Bye bye.

645
00:39:28.079 --> 00:39:31.599
Astoria Unknown is produced by Carmen and Christina, researched by

646
00:39:31.679 --> 00:39:34.920
Carmen and Christina, edited by Christina. You can find sources

647
00:39:34.920 --> 00:39:37.679
for every episode at Historia's Unknown dot com and in

648
00:39:37.719 --> 00:39:40.320
our show notes. Creating the podcast has a lot of work,

649
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