Jan. 16, 2025

A Brief History of the Panama Canal Zone (Part One)

A Brief History of the Panama Canal Zone (Part One)

The Panama Canal is now controlled by Panama, but before that, France and then the United Stated coveted and gained control of the zone, to develop the canal. Many lives were lost during the development of the canal, and many were displaced for the...

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The Panama Canal is now controlled by Panama, but before that, France and then the United Stated coveted and gained control of the zone, to develop the canal. Many lives were lost during the development of the canal, and many were displaced for the creation of the canal. The role of Panama in its own development is often forgotten or minimized.

In part one, Carmen tells Cristina about the French development of the canal and the eventual US takeover of the project, to give us context to eventually talk about the displacement of Panamanian towns for the development of the canal.

If you have topic suggestions, feel free to email Historiasunknownpodcast@gmail.com or use the contact us form on the website https://www.historiasunknown.com/contact/

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Music Credit: Hustlin (Instrumental) by Neffex

Sources:
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/panama-canal
Erased: The Untold Story of the Panama Canal by Marixa Lasso
https://www.instagram.com/reel/DEmtX9vOroL/?igsh=MTc4MmM1YmI2Ng%3D%3D
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/tr-panama/
https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/national-international/a-history-of-the-panama-canal-and-why-the-us-cant-just-take-it-back/3707946/

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WEBVTT

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Hi everyone.

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This is Carmen and Christina and this is Estudia is Unknown,

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a podcast where we talk about Latin American history. Sometimes

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it's horrible and deals with heavy topics like racism, corruption,

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and genocide. But more than that, it's also about resistance,

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power and community. Wow, it's like we haven't recorded ever.

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That's what it feels like.

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Honestly, I was even asking you, like, wait, did we

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have an episode last week? It feels like we haven't

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recorded in forever. But yeah, yes, we did have an

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episode of last week.

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I think because.

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Recorded in Spanish and so it's like a different intro.

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You know, it doesn't even feel real.

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I'm just scary.

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Yeah, it feels like a fever dream, especially when I

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can't pronounce words, you know, yes, yes, Anyway, what is

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today about? Will Christina? Today we are talking about the

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Panama Canal, which has been kind of like a hot

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topic a little bit because really have a certain someone

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who is back to terrorize all of our lives. Yep, unfortunate,

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very And I'm gonna save the dumb ass, fucking dumb

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shit that Trump has said about the Panama Canal for

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a later part because this is going to be a

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part or I don't know how many parts yet. I'm

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hoping just too.

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But yeah, you never know. We'll see.

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Yeah, Okay, I guess I'll get into it unless you

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have something to say before. I don't think so, you know,

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I feel like we don't Okay, I was gonna say,

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I feel like we don't talk about Panama enough. No,

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you're right, I mean other than our last Panama episode,

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the Invasion of Panama, which is also a bunch of bullshit,

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you know, Yeah, we haven't really talked about it. I

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think that was our first and only time.

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Yeah.

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Yeah, all right, well let's get into it.

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Yeah.

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The Panama Canal is a ten mile strip of land,

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five miles on each side of the canal, and for

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a long time the zone belonged to the US, who

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acquired it through the I Boo now Bardiya Treaty. Okay,

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pretty sure, that's how you say that. Those are the

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last names the Treaty of nineteen o three and maintained

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control of it pretty much until nineteen ninety nine, when

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full control was given to Banama. Control of the Banama

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Canal by the US is marked by displacement of and

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discrimination against Panamanians and immigrants from like the West Indies

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and Jamaica who were largely black, as well as destruction

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of the local environment. Right, what do you mean that

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US has brought up on racism, destruction of someone else's

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land and more.

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They never do that. I'm shocked.

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Before the development and creation of the Panama Canal, the

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area was one of the most densely populated areas of Panama,

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but by the nineteen seventies, most of these towns, like

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Gatun and others had been largely forgotten by Panamanians, essentially

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erased and quick side note. I learned about this topic

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from a book, a historical historical fiction book called The

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Great Divide by Christina Anriquez. And this is the second

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book I read of hers. The first one I think

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you read it too, the Book of Unknown Americans a

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long time ago, Yes, and I loved that book.

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It was fun.

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Yeah, And this book is similar in that it follows

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like a cast of characters and set during this time,

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during the development of the Panama Canal, once the US

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has taken over the development of it, and it follows

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like different people in the area, Like one of them

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is a doctor who went to Panama to try to

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eradicate yellow fever or malary adam bro which one it

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was probably both, honestly, yeah. And then another one is

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a younger woman who immigrated I want to stay from

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Jamaica to Panama to try and make more money for

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her family because her sister's sick with some like illness

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that whatever needs they need money for. And then another

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one is a young man who makes his dad mad

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because his dad is against the Panama Canal because he

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believes it's going to ruin Panama, which he was right.

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And he was right, yeah, and he was not wrong.

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And this young man gets into a tiffy with his

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dad because his dad doesn't agree with him working and whatever.

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Like different characters, young man is building the Panama Canal.

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He's working, yeah, in the in the canal. And that's

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that's where you first learned about the Panama Canal. I

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already knew about the Pandama Canal. Everyone knows about Panic Canal.

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I'm the canal. I thought that's where I was like,

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that's no, no, no, where I was going was anyway, okay.

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I was inspired to learn more about it because of

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this book. One of the characters that made me want

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to look more into it was because I knew the

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existence of the Panama Canal, right obviously, and one of

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the things we learned, yeah, like the US was like

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I don't know, yeah, I mean for it, yeah, And

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I knew the US role with the canal like a

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little bit now a lot.

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Yeah.

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But one of the female characters in the book lives

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in the city I want to say, she lives in

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the city of Cologne, but she's from Gatoon, and she

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says just her visits her sister there often, and during

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one of her visits, she learned that the residents of

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Gatun are being asked to leave for the development of

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the Panama Canal, and so she gathers her neighbors to

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protests because they've already heard of other smaller towns that

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have been asked to move and have moved and they're like, no,

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we're going to fight against this, and so okay. Learning

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about that and the protests that they did, because obviously

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the author Christina Antiquez did her research for the book too, right,

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that made me want to look into them, like, obviously

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people protested this, like they didn't find no one just

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left give up. Yeah, Yeah, that's what led me to

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the topic. Okay, And so by looking like up different

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stories about this, I found my main source erased the

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Untold Story of the Panama Canal by Mariksa. Lasso, And

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it's really the only book that goes into these depipulated towns.

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We're not talking about the depipulation today, yes, today, not yet.

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First we need some context. Let me just say that

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Carmen has been researching this. No, it's not that I've

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been researching it. It's that I've been reading. Karmen has

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been promising to research this. You've been reading the book

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that counts as research. That is literal research for this.

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Right, I guess.

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But I guess when I think of researching, I'm like

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looking stuff up and it's like I wasn't looking anything.

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I was finishing a book. Yeah, I mean for true, Yeah, yeah,

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I was.

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I've been reading this book since November. Yeah, and I

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didn't think it was going to take me so long,

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but it was. It was a little on the dry side. So, yeah,

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we need some context before we talk about the depopulation

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of the towns for the canal zone. So we're going

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to talk a bit about how the Panama Canal came

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to be under US control. Right, So, yeah, I mentioned

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that the US acquired the canal in nineteen oh three,

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but initially back in eighteen eighty one, the building of

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the canal was a French effort through a company called

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the French French Company Universal. The canal canal into the top.

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You say that, I don't know, I don't know how

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to say it. French Company Universal, probably canal International, I'm

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guessing it's what that word is. And it looks like

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international anyway, a French company. And this was led by

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Ferdinand the Lesseps, the builder of the Swiss canal in Egypt.

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Have you heard of the hot another another? Yeah, another

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canal that's place that lends itself for imperialism.

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Yeah yeah, yeah.

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And a certain country that we shall not name that's

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not really a country, but it wants it. It's demanding

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to be and terrorizing the world. Right, stop, right, I

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wonder what you're talking about. I'm just kidding. I know

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you're talking about Israel. Yes, yeah, yeah, I got that.

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So Ferdinand's plan was to build a sea level canal

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along the path of the Panama Railroad, which is another

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story of colonization and a perilysm in the name of capitalism.

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That's the topic list.

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Yeah, so, uh yeah. The plan was to build a

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canal along the already existing path of the Panama Railroad,

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and Ferdinand estimated that it would cost around one hundred

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and thirty two million dollars and twelve years to complete.

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But the western desire to build a canal in Central

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America goes even further back than the eighteen eighties, as

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early as the sixteenth century. And I didn't look up

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to see when the sixteenth century starts. Would that be

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sixteen hundred?

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I don't know.

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I think of the seventeen hundred. Okay, that makes sense

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whatever it is. So actually, I guess I could have

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known because then President Eusses Grant, So maybe that'll help

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put a time to this other than sixteenth century. I

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don't know whenever he was president. I didn't look that

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up either. I don't remember, like I vaguely know, but

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I don't. Are you sure it was the sixteenth century?

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That sounds too early. Well, okay, as early as the

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sixteenth century there was talks of this, I see, I

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see of a canal, wanting of them wanting to build

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a canal. And then Lysses S Grant was president during

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eighteen sixteen nine to eighteen seventy seven. I see, so

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talks of this desire to build a canal went as

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back at sixteenth century, since people were traveling from the

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Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

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That's what I thought.

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Okay, so the sixteenth century would have been like the

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start of colonization of the Americas because he was fifteen

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oh one to sixteen hundred, and because it took so long,

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you know, to get from one side to the other, right.

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That had to go all the way around and South America.

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Yeah, yeah, so that's how far back I guess it

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started right like this, this wants to build the right now.

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It was a very long voyage, and with the canal

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in Central America, they could cut so much time. Right,

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So when uleases as Grant became president, not even that

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long he was president that he did this, but he

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sent steven expeditions to explore the possibility of building a canal.

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But that didn't really go anywhere. But as time went

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on and travel and trade increased, the desire for a

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care Now.

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It's not what I said.

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It sounded like you said crazy. No, I said, increased okay,

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it just sounded wrong.

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Okay.

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So as time went on and travel and trade increased,

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the powers that be felt the need for a canal

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even more. Since travel and trade were increasing at this point,

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like we already mentioned, it took forever to travel from

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the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. So this meant

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less money, right, because because time is money. Yeah, yeah,

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you get it. Everything goes back to money. So it

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was not only the desire for faster trips to build

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the canal, but also because the Swiss Canal was making

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so much money for its investors that Fernand believed a

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canal in Central America would also yield the same kind

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of money for its investors. And the financial success of

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the Panama Railroad was also a motivating factor for Ferdinand.

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In its first six years of operation, it made over

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seven million dollars, and that was so much money that

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not even these sixteen thousand plus people that had died

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building Umorro road lessened his excitement about the money he

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could make. Oh, of course, now, the money that could

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create everything. Plus, in their eyes, this was just a

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bunch of brown people that died, So they don't don't care.

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They're not even people right in their eyes, yeah, in

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their eyes, yes, yes, So the French hacked the jungle

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and made a path in which they would start digging, right,

224
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and they began their work on January twentieth, eighteen eighty two,

225
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with work crews consisting mostly of black Panamanians. Well then

226
00:13:50.240 --> 00:13:55.200
they were Colombians, right, and Indian laborers. And I didn't

227
00:13:55.240 --> 00:13:57.759
know if it meant from like the West Indies or

228
00:13:57.840 --> 00:14:00.679
like people from India. I didn't look into that, right,

229
00:14:00.840 --> 00:14:02.759
It's hard to know at the time, so that they're

230
00:14:02.759 --> 00:14:05.879
referring to just indigenous people anywhere, or I don't think

231
00:14:05.879 --> 00:14:08.960
they meant indigenous people because there was like a lot

232
00:14:08.960 --> 00:14:12.559
of foreign people working going into this yah, that's true.

233
00:14:12.879 --> 00:14:15.399
Because of Panama's location, there was a lot already, a

234
00:14:15.399 --> 00:14:20.679
lot of different performers like externa kittos, Yeah, different populations,

235
00:14:21.200 --> 00:14:24.600
the Chinese people, like I said, from the Caribbean. The

236
00:14:24.759 --> 00:14:28.639
railroad work also brought yeah, yea of people too. Yeah,

237
00:14:28.679 --> 00:14:32.799
And even before the railroad, there was a huge trade already,

238
00:14:33.080 --> 00:14:37.320
like a world of trade that already existed here, okay, okay,

239
00:14:37.919 --> 00:14:40.200
And that's like a huge thing that the book gets

240
00:14:40.200 --> 00:14:43.159
into because there was this and we'll get into this

241
00:14:43.240 --> 00:14:46.039
later on too, But there was a huge belief that

242
00:14:47.039 --> 00:14:52.919
the canal and the railroad brought like modernization and like

243
00:14:53.919 --> 00:15:00.399
economic economy, like finance to Panama. But that's that couldn't

244
00:15:00.440 --> 00:15:03.960
be further from the truth because the I guess they

245
00:15:04.039 --> 00:15:06.720
call it the Smith is myths. I can't even pronounce it.

246
00:15:06.720 --> 00:15:10.120
It's miss whatever. This there was a huge like trade

247
00:15:10.360 --> 00:15:14.279
route already that already existed since like the dawn of time.

248
00:15:15.399 --> 00:15:21.639
It was one of those world's oldest trade routes. Oh miss,

249
00:15:21.879 --> 00:15:25.000
it's hard to say. Yeah, so a narrow strip of

250
00:15:25.080 --> 00:15:27.480
land would sea on either side, forming a link between

251
00:15:27.480 --> 00:15:31.639
two larger areas of land. That makes sense, And they

252
00:15:31.639 --> 00:15:37.000
already called it the Panamanian is Smith's Smith. It's Smiths.

253
00:15:37.679 --> 00:15:40.519
It just feels like st right, So it's yeah, miss,

254
00:15:40.559 --> 00:15:42.759
that is just it's whatever. It doesn't roll off the tongue.

255
00:15:42.919 --> 00:15:47.240
It doesn't matter. There was already a huge international trade

256
00:15:47.320 --> 00:15:52.600
route here in this zone that would become the Panama Canal,

257
00:15:54.200 --> 00:15:58.639
and the US and the West tried to make it

258
00:15:58.679 --> 00:16:01.399
seem like, oh, we're bringing this here, but it already existed.

259
00:16:02.919 --> 00:16:06.360
So yeah, progress was being made slowly, but soon this

260
00:16:06.480 --> 00:16:11.720
progress would be plagued by rain. Ferdinand, who visited Panama

261
00:16:11.879 --> 00:16:15.919
during the dry season, had dismissed prior concerns from locals

262
00:16:15.919 --> 00:16:19.639
who knew better, they need the weather. Better leave it

263
00:16:19.679 --> 00:16:22.799
to a yeah, a foreigner to just like, oh, I

264
00:16:22.840 --> 00:16:26.279
know more, even though you have lived here for your entirety,

265
00:16:26.320 --> 00:16:29.679
of your entire life, and your lineage of your family

266
00:16:29.840 --> 00:16:37.240
and so on. And soon the crew was facing daily rain, mudslides, bugs,

267
00:16:37.480 --> 00:16:43.639
swamps and swamp ass from the horrible heat, smallpox, malaria,

268
00:16:44.279 --> 00:16:47.759
yellow fever. Yeah, let's remember this. This is a tropical

269
00:16:47.840 --> 00:16:53.080
area right right, the Chagatas River, which is like in

270
00:16:53.120 --> 00:16:56.399
the zone. The area was just growing bigger from the

271
00:16:56.480 --> 00:16:59.840
rain too. And this was after the fact that for

272
00:17:00.200 --> 00:17:04.759
Nand was warned by engineers about the impossible task of

273
00:17:04.799 --> 00:17:08.359
working with the river since the Chagatas River snaked the

274
00:17:08.400 --> 00:17:10.160
canal rout fourteen times.

275
00:17:10.400 --> 00:17:12.720
Oh wow. And Ferdinand was just dumb.

276
00:17:13.160 --> 00:17:16.720
He sounds like a dumb bitch. He's a dumb, dumb

277
00:17:16.799 --> 00:17:23.359
ass French bitch. So he only saw the river when

278
00:17:23.400 --> 00:17:26.720
it was at low, like a low ebb and based

279
00:17:26.720 --> 00:17:29.839
off of that he decided that they would be able

280
00:17:29.920 --> 00:17:34.680
to dam and divert the river, but that was basically impossible.

281
00:17:35.200 --> 00:17:39.160
It was impossible during the rainy season, of course, and

282
00:17:39.240 --> 00:17:41.559
every time they made any progress, the rain and the

283
00:17:41.640 --> 00:17:46.799
overflowing river destroyed it. Men were dying from mudslides, malaria,

284
00:17:46.880 --> 00:17:51.559
and yellow fever. In about three years, four hundred and

285
00:17:51.599 --> 00:17:56.880
twenty workers had died. But that's low balling it, oh god,

286
00:17:57.160 --> 00:18:00.839
because the French company often fired sick workers before they

287
00:18:00.960 --> 00:18:05.240
died to reduce their medical costs. Okay, yeah, not surprising.

288
00:18:05.680 --> 00:18:08.920
And this practice just continued when Yes, of course the

289
00:18:09.000 --> 00:18:14.960
US took over the building and that it's not worsened. Yeah,

290
00:18:15.279 --> 00:18:17.119
I don't know if it worsened because I didn't. I

291
00:18:17.119 --> 00:18:19.240
didn't actually, I guess at a later time I could

292
00:18:19.240 --> 00:18:21.119
look it up and see if I added. But that's

293
00:18:21.119 --> 00:18:25.200
something that the fiction book I talked about gets into

294
00:18:25.359 --> 00:18:30.519
because the young man that starts working at the canal,

295
00:18:31.359 --> 00:18:34.720
he ends up quitting because his friend dies. And that's

296
00:18:34.759 --> 00:18:37.240
that they had already seen like men die beside them,

297
00:18:37.480 --> 00:18:40.079
and then they just had to keep working. This is

298
00:18:40.119 --> 00:18:42.519
called the Great Divide. Yeah, I didn't need to my

299
00:18:42.559 --> 00:18:46.640
TV or I listened to it from libby support your

300
00:18:46.680 --> 00:18:54.039
local library. Yes, and the non fiction book I read

301
00:18:54.119 --> 00:18:56.680
erased doesn't really get into that because it's more about

302
00:18:56.680 --> 00:18:59.960
the depopulation of the towns. So that's why I didn't

303
00:19:00.000 --> 00:19:02.160
look up the numbers from when the US took over

304
00:19:02.240 --> 00:19:05.720
the building. But basically, yeah, a lot of people were dying,

305
00:19:06.200 --> 00:19:11.720
and the French company didn't really keep full account of

306
00:19:11.759 --> 00:19:14.880
the numbers because they cared more about saving money of course,

307
00:19:15.400 --> 00:19:22.200
of course, and even worse, whence the workers were hospitalized,

308
00:19:22.720 --> 00:19:26.599
three out of four would die in the hospital, and

309
00:19:26.640 --> 00:19:30.119
a huge factor in this was that being at the

310
00:19:30.160 --> 00:19:34.240
hospital increased the chances of catching malaria or yellow fever.

311
00:19:34.799 --> 00:19:40.319
Because the gardeners from the hospital, in order, I don't know,

312
00:19:40.480 --> 00:19:42.759
to protect the potted plants from the gardens, they were

313
00:19:42.759 --> 00:19:46.799
step pots in pottery bowls filled with water like in

314
00:19:46.839 --> 00:19:50.759
the plants, and so yeah, you have to keep this

315
00:19:50.920 --> 00:19:52.240
increased and the water down.

316
00:19:52.440 --> 00:19:52.759
Yeah.

317
00:19:52.920 --> 00:19:57.599
Yeah, they increased the amount of still water, which is

318
00:19:57.640 --> 00:20:00.960
the worst thing you could do for disease care mosquitoes,

319
00:20:01.160 --> 00:20:06.400
and this practice increased the number of disease carrying mosquitoes

320
00:20:06.440 --> 00:20:10.400
by millions. So over the years, the death toll grew

321
00:20:10.400 --> 00:20:15.400
bigger and investors became pissed at the lack of progress

322
00:20:15.440 --> 00:20:19.799
in American cartoonists even made a comic of Ferdinand and

323
00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:24.000
it said, is Ferdinand de lea SEPs a canal digger

324
00:20:24.319 --> 00:20:25.720
or a grave digger?

325
00:20:27.039 --> 00:20:27.759
Shot fired?

326
00:20:28.359 --> 00:20:31.240
Ooh, you do not want that to be said about

327
00:20:31.279 --> 00:20:33.319
you as you are building something. Oo.

328
00:20:34.599 --> 00:20:36.359
It's a good one, though, it is.

329
00:20:37.000 --> 00:20:39.680
Yeah, it's a fair critique extrords.

330
00:20:40.200 --> 00:20:41.319
Yeah.

331
00:20:41.759 --> 00:20:45.799
By eighteen eighty eight, the French company basically gave up,

332
00:20:46.680 --> 00:20:51.640
leaving the canal unfinished. After two hundred and eighty seven

333
00:20:51.640 --> 00:20:56.720
million dollars were spent, eleven miles of the canal had

334
00:20:56.759 --> 00:20:59.559
been dug, and twenty thousand.

335
00:20:59.200 --> 00:20:59.960
Men had died.

336
00:21:00.960 --> 00:21:04.000
Oh my god, So after all that they gave up.

337
00:21:04.920 --> 00:21:12.920
Wow twenty thousand yeah, wow. But the Western desire for

338
00:21:13.000 --> 00:21:18.440
the Panama Canal was not over, and President Theodore Roosevelt

339
00:21:18.799 --> 00:21:19.839
would soon step in.

340
00:21:20.359 --> 00:21:22.440
Oh fuck this man.

341
00:21:23.759 --> 00:21:27.000
Yeah, we talked about him before, right, Like in different as,

342
00:21:27.039 --> 00:21:31.279
different topics have came up. I like vaguely remember one

343
00:21:31.319 --> 00:21:33.960
of the sterilization episodes he was talking shit. I think

344
00:21:34.000 --> 00:21:37.880
that's right, that's right, Mexicans. I'm pretty sure. And you

345
00:21:37.920 --> 00:21:40.759
know what, actually I think they said Mexicans, but I

346
00:21:40.799 --> 00:21:43.880
feel like it was probably about the Panama Canal Zone.

347
00:21:44.240 --> 00:21:47.720
M maybe because I know, I know the Panama Canal

348
00:21:47.799 --> 00:21:52.319
Zone came up in our first sterilization episode because more

349
00:21:52.759 --> 00:21:57.559
Browns were dying from these diseases because they weren't taking

350
00:21:57.599 --> 00:22:00.279
precautions in there are areas of these camps while they

351
00:22:00.319 --> 00:22:03.200
were doing the same they were taking percussions for all

352
00:22:03.279 --> 00:22:06.480
the white people involved in the project. Yeah, so like

353
00:22:07.079 --> 00:22:08.920
that's why they were dying more. But to them it's like, oh,

354
00:22:08.920 --> 00:22:12.519
it's because they're dirtier, they're good asser, they're so I

355
00:22:12.559 --> 00:22:14.640
think that's what I think. That's when he came up.

356
00:22:14.680 --> 00:22:15.319
I'm pretty sure.

357
00:22:15.920 --> 00:22:16.880
So, yeah, he sucks.

358
00:22:19.119 --> 00:22:23.559
In a speech to Congress, Roosevelt made a speech about

359
00:22:24.000 --> 00:22:28.160
the Panama Canal saying, no single great material work which

360
00:22:28.200 --> 00:22:31.799
remains to be undertaken on this continent is as such

361
00:22:32.000 --> 00:22:35.400
consequence to the American people. And of course there's so

362
00:22:35.440 --> 00:22:38.480
much wrong about this part of his speech. And I

363
00:22:38.519 --> 00:22:39.960
don't know what the whole speech is. This is the

364
00:22:39.960 --> 00:22:43.079
only part I read about, but this already wrong. This

365
00:22:43.160 --> 00:22:46.640
part is trash. First of all, Yeah, I'm like, you know,

366
00:22:47.359 --> 00:22:51.119
part of America is for your years to be taken

367
00:22:51.599 --> 00:22:55.119
or part of the continent like, you can't just take

368
00:22:55.160 --> 00:22:55.559
what you up.

369
00:22:55.599 --> 00:22:56.319
But that's what they do.

370
00:22:56.440 --> 00:22:59.160
Yeah, yeah, manifest destiny all that bullshit.

371
00:23:00.119 --> 00:23:00.759
Huh uh huh.

372
00:23:01.079 --> 00:23:03.880
So this brings us to nineteen oh two when the

373
00:23:04.000 --> 00:23:07.839
US with no input from any Colombians. Oh sorry, I know,

374
00:23:08.000 --> 00:23:10.519
I think you're going to get into this, But isn't

375
00:23:11.000 --> 00:23:16.279
the split of Panama from Colombia related to the Panama

376
00:23:16.279 --> 00:23:18.839
Canal Zone and the United States? It is, like I

377
00:23:18.880 --> 00:23:21.640
want to say, they instigated like a coup almost, Yeah,

378
00:23:21.680 --> 00:23:24.839
they did, and we are getting into that next.

379
00:23:25.920 --> 00:23:30.200
Okay, Oh, scratch off your briingo cards.

380
00:23:30.480 --> 00:23:35.519
We we gotta come, we gotta cook them.

381
00:23:35.640 --> 00:23:37.319
And of course that's not funny, it's horrible.

382
00:23:37.400 --> 00:23:41.319
No, it's funny, and yeah in the sense I don't know,

383
00:23:41.400 --> 00:23:43.759
but in the sense no, but in the sense that

384
00:23:43.920 --> 00:23:50.440
is actually fucking depression. Yeah, yeah, exactly exactly. So, yeah,

385
00:23:50.480 --> 00:23:53.160
this brings us to nineteen oh two when the US

386
00:23:53.200 --> 00:23:57.359
without any input from Colombians, because again I mentioned before,

387
00:23:57.559 --> 00:24:01.839
Panama had yet to gain independence for Columbia. So in

388
00:24:01.920 --> 00:24:05.119
nineteen o two, the US reached an agreement with the

389
00:24:05.119 --> 00:24:07.880
French company to buy the rights of the canal and

390
00:24:07.960 --> 00:24:09.920
all of the equipment, so that they could take up,

391
00:24:10.319 --> 00:24:13.519
you know, the building of the canal. And so they

392
00:24:13.559 --> 00:24:17.200
agreed to with some that would not exceed forty million dollars.

393
00:24:17.279 --> 00:24:19.920
And they did all these negotiations with the French company

394
00:24:20.000 --> 00:24:25.519
directly first, without even talking to Colombia, whose they it

395
00:24:25.599 --> 00:24:29.519
was their land. I guess they're, yeah, aren't they providing

396
00:24:29.640 --> 00:24:32.279
a lot of the labor as well? Yeah?

397
00:24:32.559 --> 00:24:34.640
Yeah, yeah.

398
00:24:35.759 --> 00:24:40.880
So after doing these negotiations and reaching an agreement with

399
00:24:40.880 --> 00:24:42.920
the French company, then they're like, oh, well, maybe we

400
00:24:42.960 --> 00:24:47.319
should talk to Columbia about this. So they started negotiating

401
00:24:47.400 --> 00:24:52.559
with Colombia, and in true US fashion, when when negotiations

402
00:24:52.599 --> 00:24:56.079
were no longer going their way, the US meddled to

403
00:24:56.160 --> 00:25:01.279
get their way and they concluded, yeah, and so they

404
00:25:01.279 --> 00:25:03.039
did what they do bests right, and they included with

405
00:25:03.079 --> 00:25:06.599
the white Panamanian oligarchy. I feel like I said that

406
00:25:06.599 --> 00:25:11.599
word oligarchy, garky, Yeah, oligarchy to incite a revolution. And

407
00:25:11.799 --> 00:25:14.480
this next information is pretty much word for word from

408
00:25:15.039 --> 00:25:19.920
a collaborative Instagram post from Afro Latino Travel and Diaspora

409
00:25:20.039 --> 00:25:23.119
Dash because I don't think I could say it better. Yes,

410
00:25:23.680 --> 00:25:25.880
and that video will be LinkedIn on sources. It's a

411
00:25:26.119 --> 00:25:29.160
it's a great video on We've mentioned her before too,

412
00:25:29.599 --> 00:25:35.519
well when I did the other Panama yeah Panama topic. Yeah,

413
00:25:35.839 --> 00:25:38.440
and I think you're the one he mentioned it. Yeah, yes,

414
00:25:38.559 --> 00:25:41.559
I was, yeah, but great resource. She also has a

415
00:25:41.599 --> 00:25:44.200
class she does on Zoom with someone else that's like

416
00:25:44.559 --> 00:25:50.519
a black history in the like Latin America like world,

417
00:25:50.559 --> 00:25:53.039
but like touching on like racism and everything. I've been

418
00:25:53.039 --> 00:25:56.200
meaning to take it, but I keep forgetting. Also I

419
00:25:56.200 --> 00:25:59.599
have zero time, but like literally the best resource, one

420
00:25:59.599 --> 00:26:03.519
of the best resources for like Afro Latino Latina history

421
00:26:03.920 --> 00:26:07.279
in like all spaces, and she I think mostly posts.

422
00:26:07.279 --> 00:26:08.960
She used to be big on Twitter, but like she's

423
00:26:09.000 --> 00:26:11.559
backed everyone has backed off Twitter. Yeah, but I think

424
00:26:11.599 --> 00:26:15.400
she mostly does Instagram and YouTube right now, I should

425
00:26:15.480 --> 00:26:19.039
find her number too, the most oh yeah on Instagram.

426
00:26:19.039 --> 00:26:22.279
I think already follower the me too. But yeah, great account,

427
00:26:22.400 --> 00:26:27.240
great person. Okay, So, in nineteen oh three, the administration

428
00:26:27.599 --> 00:26:32.799
of Roosevelt intimidated Columbia with warships with the full participation

429
00:26:33.039 --> 00:26:37.160
of the ruling white Panemanian oligarchy, into giving up the

430
00:26:37.279 --> 00:26:42.200
province that became the Republic of Banama. Roosevelt acted on

431
00:26:42.240 --> 00:26:45.680
the behest of various banking groups, among them GP Morgan

432
00:26:45.759 --> 00:26:48.920
and Co. Who was appointed fiscal agent for the newly

433
00:26:49.000 --> 00:26:52.680
independent Republic of Banama and was selected by the US

434
00:26:52.799 --> 00:26:57.279
Treasury Secretary in charge of managing the ten million dollars

435
00:26:57.319 --> 00:27:06.039
in aid that the US sent always aid right. There

436
00:27:06.119 --> 00:27:10.240
was already discontent among Panamanians to seed from Colombia, and

437
00:27:10.279 --> 00:27:14.200
the US was happy to lend help to the Panamanians

438
00:27:14.240 --> 00:27:18.000
after Columbia refused several times to give US access to

439
00:27:18.039 --> 00:27:23.200
the canal lands, which posed favorable commercial and military advantages

440
00:27:23.240 --> 00:27:25.799
to the US. That's why they wanted to land. Basically,

441
00:27:26.200 --> 00:27:30.000
the Panamanian white elite were on board with accommodating the

442
00:27:30.160 --> 00:27:33.880
wealthy of North America, as has been the historical protocol

443
00:27:34.319 --> 00:27:39.640
throughout the Americas for centuries until that point. And we've

444
00:27:39.960 --> 00:27:43.240
touched on that with different topics too. I feel like

445
00:27:43.680 --> 00:27:47.000
time and time again. Yeah, tell us all this time.

446
00:27:47.440 --> 00:27:51.440
Once the new Republic of Panama was formed, the Ibunao

447
00:27:51.920 --> 00:27:56.519
Vardia Treaty was signed and enacted, which seeded control of

448
00:27:56.559 --> 00:28:00.519
the Panama Canal Zone to the US in perpetution in

449
00:28:00.559 --> 00:28:04.720
exchange for ten ten million dollar initial payment and yearly

450
00:28:04.799 --> 00:28:08.319
two hundred and fifty thousand dollars payments thereafter. In addition,

451
00:28:08.440 --> 00:28:11.200
the US government purchased title to all lands in the

452
00:28:11.200 --> 00:28:15.519
Canal Zone from the private owners. The Canal Zone area

453
00:28:15.599 --> 00:28:19.799
then became US territory with its own US schools, police stations,

454
00:28:19.920 --> 00:28:24.720
post offices. Basically a small US country within Panama with

455
00:28:25.039 --> 00:28:29.960
entire Panamanian towns being depopulated a race to make way

456
00:28:30.279 --> 00:28:34.240
for these US towns the Panama Canal Zone. And that's

457
00:28:34.799 --> 00:28:43.279
what we'll be getting into next time. Okay, I'm excited

458
00:28:43.279 --> 00:28:46.519
to learn about this horrible thing because I know nothing

459
00:28:46.559 --> 00:28:50.640
about this other than the reason for the US wanting

460
00:28:50.680 --> 00:28:54.000
to get involved with the Panama Canal Zone. That's like,

461
00:28:54.279 --> 00:28:57.319
I think the only thing talked about in the wide

462
00:28:57.440 --> 00:29:03.319
like general US publics school education system and only really

463
00:29:03.599 --> 00:29:07.279
you know, in high school obviously and then college after.

464
00:29:07.400 --> 00:29:09.240
But they really just touched on the importance of like, oh,

465
00:29:09.279 --> 00:29:12.119
we needed a faster way to get around, more money,

466
00:29:12.759 --> 00:29:17.839
Teddy Rose a belt. But yeah, in that narrative, obviously

467
00:29:17.880 --> 00:29:22.799
they're not gonna mention the talents that were destroyed the

468
00:29:24.839 --> 00:29:30.559
causing war between these two places so that one would

469
00:29:30.559 --> 00:29:32.920
become Panama. But not in the interest of like quote

470
00:29:33.000 --> 00:29:37.160
unquote freeing Banama. It was like because they wanted Kindama

471
00:29:37.160 --> 00:29:40.640
Canal zone. And yeah, so I also read in one

472
00:29:40.640 --> 00:29:45.240
of the articles that I read for this part that

473
00:29:45.559 --> 00:29:51.559
the US was bribing Colombian soldiers in Cologne with fifty

474
00:29:51.640 --> 00:29:56.400
dollars each to lay down their arms. So on top

475
00:29:56.480 --> 00:29:59.720
of the threats they made with the warships and stuff,

476
00:29:59.720 --> 00:30:05.799
they also giving soldiers money to basically not fight of course. Yeah,

477
00:30:06.160 --> 00:30:10.079
but yeah, that was part one of the Panama Canal And.

478
00:30:12.119 --> 00:30:12.680
I don't know.

479
00:30:12.599 --> 00:30:16.240
Anything you want to say before we sign off. No,

480
00:30:16.319 --> 00:30:18.960
I don't think so, other than thank you to our

481
00:30:19.000 --> 00:30:32.119
amazing Patreon members and shout out to our Patreon members Marilyn, Desiree, Mariah, Michelle, Chata, JG, Cysia,

482
00:30:32.240 --> 00:30:33.000
and Ileana.

483
00:30:34.240 --> 00:30:35.200
Yes, thank you.

484
00:30:35.799 --> 00:30:40.720
Our last Patreon only episode was us recapping and talking

485
00:30:40.720 --> 00:30:43.680
about Emilies, which was a lot of fun, and it

486
00:30:43.759 --> 00:30:47.000
was fun. I thought that I was done getting Emilia

487
00:30:47.200 --> 00:30:52.400
a Petes tiktoks, but the algorithm decided otherwise, and I'm

488
00:30:52.440 --> 00:30:55.279
still getting them, but I love them. I'm still getting

489
00:30:55.279 --> 00:30:58.359
them at the time of recording. However, in four days,

490
00:30:58.440 --> 00:31:04.400
we don't know, true probably be gone. Yeah, we'll see

491
00:31:04.440 --> 00:31:07.880
we'll see, we'll see what house, We'll see what happens. Yeah,

492
00:31:08.000 --> 00:31:11.279
I just it's so annoying because like posting history things

493
00:31:11.440 --> 00:31:15.279
on TikTok just under a spooky tales before he started

494
00:31:15.279 --> 00:31:18.519
to know has been the best thing because the one

495
00:31:18.519 --> 00:31:22.240
time we tried doing it on Instagram, it was about Hostessaria.

496
00:31:22.519 --> 00:31:26.359
Oh my god, it was the worst. Wow.

497
00:31:26.480 --> 00:31:29.720
We had to turn off comments. It was so homophobic.

498
00:31:29.839 --> 00:31:34.720
People were so mad. The Latinos TMTM were so mad.

499
00:31:36.200 --> 00:31:37.119
It was insane.

500
00:31:37.680 --> 00:31:41.160
It's just like I know people you know, will be up,

501
00:31:41.279 --> 00:31:44.160
I don't know, have their problems with TikTok too, but like, honestly,

502
00:31:44.359 --> 00:31:48.119
I loved it and like the same same video you

503
00:31:48.160 --> 00:31:50.640
know on TikTok. It was all like, oh my god,

504
00:31:50.680 --> 00:31:52.920
we can do anything, as in like Latinos like we

505
00:31:53.039 --> 00:31:57.359
can at all. Oh slay queen. Wow, I didn't know this.

506
00:31:57.400 --> 00:32:01.279
Thank you so much. Like and then Instagram fuck this

507
00:32:01.799 --> 00:32:07.400
slur slur slur slur, Oh my god, like calling us

508
00:32:07.440 --> 00:32:10.799
beetles for talking about this, and it's like, yeah, you're

509
00:32:10.920 --> 00:32:13.400
like dumb if that's what you think it was.

510
00:32:13.559 --> 00:32:13.880
It was.

511
00:32:14.039 --> 00:32:18.799
It was horrible, and like, yeah, it's just it's so

512
00:32:18.920 --> 00:32:22.599
scary Instagram. I mean yeah, yeah, literally fucking sucks.

513
00:32:23.400 --> 00:32:23.680
Yeah.

514
00:32:24.880 --> 00:32:29.559
So also, thank you to anyone who has rated us

515
00:32:29.599 --> 00:32:33.640
on Spotify. We are now at over one hundred ratings

516
00:32:33.680 --> 00:32:37.720
on Spotify, which is exciting. That is exciting and yeah,

517
00:32:37.759 --> 00:32:40.039
I mean as always, if you have enjoyed the podcast

518
00:32:40.200 --> 00:32:43.359
Learned Anything, feel free to give us a rating on

519
00:32:43.400 --> 00:32:50.160
Spotify review on Apple Podcasts. Our last review was from June,

520
00:32:50.359 --> 00:32:52.480
so it would be cool if you could get another one.

521
00:32:52.839 --> 00:32:56.240
I don't know JA saying yeah, and I don't know

522
00:32:56.359 --> 00:32:58.880
recommend us to to your woke.

523
00:32:58.759 --> 00:32:59.720
A meegas.

524
00:33:02.000 --> 00:33:06.119
Yeah anyone though. Other than that, no, don't recommend us

525
00:33:06.119 --> 00:33:09.480
to them. We want to stay in our bubble.

526
00:33:10.839 --> 00:33:12.279
I know they say not to do that.

527
00:33:12.400 --> 00:33:16.759
But I'll give a buck. Now that I'm a Senora,

528
00:33:16.759 --> 00:33:19.480
I need to say in my bubble. So yeah, yeah,

529
00:33:19.519 --> 00:33:22.559
all right, Well, we hope that there is one less

530
00:33:22.759 --> 00:33:23.880
estoria unknown for you.

531
00:33:25.279 --> 00:33:34.559
Bye